Biobehavioral Foundations and Development of Cognitive Competence

描述（由申请人提供）：提出了六个互补和合作的项目，具有共同的科学和管理核心，以阐明认知能力的本质和出现，因为它在人类和非人类灵长类动物中，在不同的发育时期，在不同的群体中（例如，患有多动症的个体）表现出来。目前的应用得益于研究人员之间的实质性合作和项目之间的融合，因此整个计划的科学承诺大大超过了每个强大的单个项目预期的科学收益的总和。被研究的心理过程（学习、记忆、注意、执行功能、分类、语言和自我调节）本身是密切相关的，因此，对任何一个过程的理解都要求使用行为、认知、比较、发展和神经科学范式来研究它与其他结构的关系。该应用程序反映了广泛的收敛措施，包括任务表现，脑成像，遗传分析和心理生理学。这些项目的目标是建立在现有知识的基础上，包括我们自己研究的最新发现，并通过有关行为及其与经验和生物学的相互作用的理论来告知和被告知。

DESCRIPTION (provided by applicant): Six complementary and collaborative projects are proposed, with a common scientific and administrative core, to elucidate the nature and emergence of cognitive competence as it is manifest across human and nonhuman primate species, across developmental periods, and across different groups (e.g., individuals with ADHD). The present application benefits from substantial collegiality between investigators and convergence between the projects, so that the scientific promise of the entire program greatly exceeds the sum of the anticipated scientific gains of each strong individual project. The psychological processes being investigated (learning, memory, attention, executive function, categorization, language, and self regulation) are themselves closely inter-related, such that understanding of any one process dictates studying its relation to the other constructs using behavioral, cognitive, comparative, developmental, and neuroscientific paradigms. The application reflects a wide range of converging measures, including task performance, brain imaging, genetic analyses, and psychophysiology. The goal of these projects is to build on the current state of knowledge, including the recent findings from our own research, and to inform and be informed by theories regarding behavior and its interaction with experience and biology. RELEVANCE: The findings of these projects will advance our understanding of cognition and its disorders, generating educational interventions and clinical applications with relevance to a wide range of mental health issues.