Project 2: Consumer Acceptability Testing of New & Manipulated Tobacco p182-214

大多数与吸烟相关的疾病和残疾都是长期接触毒物的次要原因，以及 导致这种长期接触的原因很大程度上是尼古丁成瘾。有吸引力的烟草产品鼓励 实验、吸收和维护。尼古丁是香烟成瘾的主要原因，但 利用高度设计的尼古丁输送装置，其他设计特征(例如，添加调味剂， 控制烟雾的酸碱度、过滤器通风度等)可以与尼古丁相互作用以促进 吸引力(或缺乏吸引力)并影响持续使用。已知的尼古丁之间的联系 和香烟的其他感官特性有助于烟熏烟草的有益特性。 产品。这是一项旨在刻画和对比消费者可接受性和采用可能性的建议 通过比较由事件相关大脑索引的神经认知功能来确定可燃烟草产品 电位(ERPs)，对有和没有感兴趣特征的吸烟测试香烟的反应。这个 第二个目标是确定“抓住喉咙”对烟草产品可接受性的贡献和 领养。主要的结果指标将是事件相关电位的潜伏期和波幅的变化 在吸食测试香烟后。潜在的协变量是年龄、种族、性别和剂量(以尼古丁为指标 增压和总喷气量)。烟草监管科学中心的设计是这样的： 要测试的产品事先是未知的，因此我们基于使用和测试香烟的模型 没有特征的薄荷醇水平和高与低的pH值。这些目标将通过以下方式实现 一系列受试者内部交叉试验；每项试验将包括烟草产品的测试和比较 产品，在四个实验室吸烟期。这些说明性研究将包括，两个独立的 队列：比较高和低pH值产物，有和没有喉咙麻醉，以及比较 有没有喉咙麻醉的薄荷醇和非薄荷醇香烟，都是在单独的实验室访问中进行的， 通过吸烟前、吸烟期间和吸烟后的脑电记录，以及对于事件相关电位，在吸烟前和吸烟后执行一项奇怪的球任务。 在吸烟之后。

Most disease and disability associated with smoking is secondary to chronic exposure to toxicants, and much of what drives that chronic exposure is addiction to nicotine. Attractive tobacco products encourage experimentation, uptake and maintenance. Nicotine is primarily responsible for addiction to cigarettes, but with highly engineered nicotine delivery devices, other design characteristics (e.g., addition of flavorants, manipulation of smoke pH, degree of filter ventilation, etc.) can interact with nicotine to promote attractiveness (or lack of attractiveness) and affect continued use. Learned associations between nicotine and other sensory characteristics of cigarettes contribute to the rewarding characteristics of smoked tobacco products. This is a proposal to characterize and contrast consumer acceptability and likelihood of adoption of combustible tobacco products by comparing neurocognitive function, as indexed by event-related brain potentials (ERPs), in response to smoking test cigarettes with and without characteristics of interest. The second aim is to determine the contribution of "throat grab" to tobacco product acceptability and likelihood of adoption. The primary outcome measures will be changes in latency and amplitude of ERPs before and after smoking of test cigarettes. Potential covariates are age, race, gender, and dose (indexed by nicotine boost and total puff volume). The design of this Tobacco Center of Regulatory Science is such that the products to be tested are not known in advance, so we base this on a model of testing cigarettes with and without characterizing levels of menthol and with high versus low pH. The aims will be accomplished through a series of within-subjects crossover trials; each trial will include the test tobacco product and comparison product, in four laboratory smoking sessions. These illustrative studies will include, with two separate cohorts: comparison of high and low pH products, with and without throat anesthetization, and comparison of menthol and non-menthol cigarettes with and without throat anesthetization, all in separate laboratory visits, with EEG recording before, during and after smoking, and for ERPs, an odd ball task performed before and after smoking.