Amblyopia in astigmatic children: Development and Treatment

项目主任/主要研究者（最后，第一，中间）：哈维，艾琳M 项目随附资料（见说明）： 未校正的反射垫的视觉体验提供了一个独特的自然实验的效果， 视觉发育的慢性模糊。对Tohono O 'odham儿童的研究，其中30%至40%的儿童 显著散光，为研究散光的影响提供了一个独特的机会。 第一个目的是研究Tohono O 'odham儿童散光随时间的稳定性， 确定他们散光的解剖学来源。后角膜的测量将提供 关于通常补偿外部（前）散光的内部散光起源的基本数据 角膜散光 第二个目的是确定在日常复杂的视觉环境中，视觉模拟器的表现如何。 具体而言，我们将检查屈光不正与（a）遵守 眼镜矫正，（B）调节模式，和（c）复杂知觉任务的执行。通过 检查社会、屈光、视觉表现和调节因素对依从性的影响， 我们将提供对合规障碍的独特广泛分析，将提供必要信息， 制定策略，以提高该人群的治疗依从性，并可能确定 一般来说，这是一个与电子设备相关的问题。各种任务下的便利措施 需求条件将使我们能够更好地了解散光如何补偿独特的持续性 散光引起的模糊，并将使我们更好地了解这些策略如何影响视觉 发展最后，关于散光如何影响需要视觉运动的任务表现的数据 整合，阅读流畅，以及对形式和运动的整体感知将提供有价值的洞察力， 散光影响日常功能。 总之，接触这一独特的高风险人群是一个宝贵的机会， 进行新的研究，以进一步了解长期稳定性和解剖起源， 散光，并探讨散光对复杂视觉环境中功能的影响。 相关性（参见说明）： 这项研究将首次分析这一人群散光的解剖学起源， 产生重要的临床信息，用于制定治疗和预防 散光相关弱视，并将进一步了解散光对视觉的影响 功能研究结果将使Tohono O 'odham和一般的自闭症儿童受益。

Program Director/Principal Investigator (Last, First, Middle): Harvey, Erin M PROJECT SUIVIMARY (See instructions): The visual experience of the uncorrected astigmat provides a unique natural experiment on the effect of chronic blur on visual development. Studies of Tohono O'odham children, 30 to 40% of whom have visually significant astigmatism, provide a unique opportunity for investigation ofthe effects of astigmatism. The first aim is to study the stability of astigmatism in Tohono O'odham children over time, and to determine the anatomical origins of their astigmatism. Measurements of the posterior cornea will provide fundamental data on the origin of the internal astigmatism that often compensates for external (anterior) corneal astigmatism. The second aim is to determine how astigmats perform in the everyday complex visual environment. Specifically, we will examine the relation between astigmatic refractive error and (a) compliance with spectacle correction, (b) accommodation patterns, and (c) performance of complex perceptual tasks. By examining the influence of social, refractive, visual performance, and accommodation factors on compliance, we will provide a uniquely broad analysis of barriers to compliance, will provide essential information for development of strategies to increase treatment compliance in this population, and may identify barriers to compliance that are relevant to astigmats in general. Measures of accommodation under various task demand conditions will allow us to better understand how astigmats compensate for the unique persistent blur introduced by astigmatism, and will allow us to better understand how these strategies impact visual development. Finally, data on how astigmatism influences performance on tasks that require visual motor integration, reading fluency, and global perception of form and motion will provide valuable insight into how astigmatism impacts everyday functioning. In summary, access to this unique population of high astigmats introduces a valuable opportunity to conduct novel studies to further our understanding of the long-term stability and anatomic origins of astigmatism and to explore the effects of astigmatism on functioning in a complex visual environment. RELEVANCE (See instructions): This research will provide the first analysis of the anatomic origins of astigmatism in this population, generate important clinical information for development of guidelines for treatment and prevention of astigmatism-related amblyopia, and will further our understanding of the influence of astigmatism on visual functioning. Results will benefit astigmatic Tohono O'odham children and astigmatic children in general.