Assessment, Development and Application of Positive Psychology Science for Cancer

摘要： 这个职业发展申请提出了一个指导培训和研究经验，以发展约翰 Salsman博士，作为一名独立的研究者， 癌症预防和控制的结果测量。患者报告结局（PRO）记录患者的 对癌症等慢性疾病影响的独特视角，并评估 与生理结果不同的方式。患者报告结局测量信息系统 （PROMIS）是NIH的一项路线图计划，旨在改善和标准化具有广泛 使用最先进的心理测量方法，对慢性疾病和人口统计学特征的范围进行研究。是 一个雄心勃勃的和全面的PRO测量系统，应用项目反应理论（IRT）建模 健康状况评估。PROMIS开发并校准了评估情绪困扰的项目库， 睡眠-觉醒功能、身体功能、疼痛、疲劳和社会健康。PROMIS中仍有一个空白 领域框架，目前没有评估积极心理功能（PPF）的银行。随着越来越多的人 与癌症共存甚至茁壮成长，了解癌症的积极调整和发展是一个重要的 补充对癌症预防中的损伤、残疾和心理社会发病率的理解， 控制研究。Salsman博士建议（1）开发新的项目库，用于积极的心理功能 (PPF)扩充PROMIS现有的试题库;（2）探索PPF试题库的实用性 在癌症护理连续体中使用对不同癌症患者组的多项评估 和幸存者，以及（3）调整和试点测试干预措施，以促进年轻成年癌症患者的福祉 患者和幸存者，以确定可行性和可接受性。结果将导致进一步完善 PPF的创新措施，并指导未来干预措施的制定，以尽量减少 癌症和增强适应功能。拟议的研究得到了一项培训计划的支持， 与多学科同事的互动和临床试验的正式课程，定性方法， 生物统计学心理测量学和积极心理学

Abstract: This career development application proposes a mentored training and research experience to develop John Salsman, Ph.D., as an independent investigator in the development of innovative positive psychological outcome measures for cancer prevention and control. Patient-reported outcomes (PROs) capture the patient's unique perspective on the impact of chronic diseases such as cancer and assess subjective experience in ways distinct from physiological outcomes. The Patient-Reported Outcomes Measurement Information System (PROMIS) is an NIH Roadmap initiative designed to improve and standardize PROs for patients with a wide range of chronic diseases and demographic characteristics using state-of-the-art psychometric methods. It is an ambitious and comprehensive PRO measurement system that applies item response theory (IRT) modeling to health status assessment. PROMIS has developed and calibrated item banks assessing emotional distress, sleep-wake function, physical function, pain, fatigue, and social health. There remains a gap in the PROMIS domain framework, with no current banks assessing positive psychological functioning (PPF). As more people survive and even thrive with cancer, understanding positive adjustment and growth in cancer is an important complement to understanding impairment, disability and psychosocial morbidity in cancer prevention and control research. Dr. Salsman proposes (1) to develop new item banks for positive psychological functioning (PPF) to augment and expand the existing PROMIS item banks, (2) to explore the utility of the PPF banks across the cancer care continuum using multiple assessments with a heterogeneous group of cancer patients and survivors, and (3) to adapt and pilot test an intervention to promote well-being among young adult cancer patients and survivors to determine feasibility and acceptability. Results will lead to further refinement of innovative measures of PPF and guide development of future interventions to minimize the adverse impact of cancer and enhance adaptive functioning. The proposed research is supported by a training plan that involves interactions with multidisciplinary colleagues and formal coursework in clinical trials, qualitative methodologies, biostatistics, psychometrics, and positive psychology.