Speech production, speech perception, and orthography: Reciprocal influences

第二个项目将对articulaflon在言语感知和阅读中的作用进行“重新审视”。其他理论 已经提出发音手势不仅构成了语音产生的信息基础，而且 语音感知，或者作为特殊目的皮层机制的基础（Liberman & Mattingly， 1985），或者因为语音信号中尚未发现的信息直接指定了清晰度 （Fowler，1986年）。在目标1中，我们实现了一个计算模型（一个具有互连性的吸引子网络 在服务于生产力、感知力和正字法的单位之间），以便具体地制定 发音整合假说：言语产生、感知和阅读的共同发展 应导致普遍的，互动的联系，塑造在每个领域的代表性和性能。 在这个框架中，发音不是一种特殊的内部知识形式，它只是额外的信息 其可以特别地促进在噪声或模糊的情况下的语音感知。 条件我们在目标2中测试了这些预测，在那里我们研究了学习阅读如何改变言语 在目标3中，我们研究了言语感知的神经基础是什么 对手势信息敏感或由手势信息组织。这些目标可能会导致 第一个统一的语音产生、感知和阅读发展的计算理论模型。我们 articulaflon的“新面貌”有可能为长期存在的、基本的 挑战，特别是，揭示有关功能和神经代码的本质的新细节， 言语知觉更好地理解言语感知的基础将有助于更好地理论和 语言障碍的干预措施。 相关性（参见说明）： 该计划与理解口语和书面语言能力的发展有关， 这对成功的学术和生活成果至关重要。全面的计算模型和 在项目II中，前沿的经验主义分析对于加深对以下问题的理解至关重要： 知觉-产出-阅读环节的关系，这将为语言发展理论提供新的限制 以及对阅读的语音基础的新见解。

Project II takes a "new look" at the role of articulaflon in speech perception ~ and reading. Other theories have proposed that articulatory gestures form the informational basis not just for speech producflon, but also speech perception, either as the basis for special purpose cortical mechanisms (Liberman & Mattingly, 1985), or because as-yet undiscovered information in the speech signal directly specifles articulation (Fowler, 1986). In Aim 1, we implement a computational model (an attractor network, with interconnectivity among units serving producflon, percepflon, and orthography) in order to concretely formulate the Articulatory Integration Hypothesis (AIH): co-development of speech production, percepflon, and reading should result in pervasive, interactive linkages that shape representations and performance in each domain. In this framework, articulation is not a form of special internal knowledge; it is just additional information available to the system that may especially facilitate speech percepflon under noisy or ambiguous condiflons. We test these predicflons in Aim 2, where we examine how learning to read changes speech production, and in Aim 3, where we examine in what ways the neural bases of speech perception are sensiflve to or organized by gestural informaflon. These aims will result in the development of perhaps the first unified computational-theoreflcal model of speech production, percepflon, and reading development. Our "new look" at articulaflon has the potenflal to provide new constraints on longstanding, fundamental challenges, in particular, revealing new details about the nature of the funcflonal and neural codes underlying speech perception. Better understanding the bases of speech percepflon wilt allow better theories of and interventions for language impairment. RELEVANCE (See instructions): This program is relevant to the understanding the development of spoken and written language competence, which is crucial for successful academic and life outcomes. The comprehensive computaflonal model and cutting-edge empirical investigaflons in Project II are essential in developing a deeper understanding of perception-producflon-reading links, which will provide new constraints on theories of language development and new insights into the phonological basis of reading.