Maladaptive parenting, activity spaces, alcohol and the substance use environmen

目前的研究表明，酗酒和虐待儿童之间存在联系。到目前为止， 然而，关于当父母被虐待时发生了多少虐待行为，缺乏信息 饮酒或当地酒精环境，包括父母如何度过他们的时间暴露他或 她被送到不同的饮酒地点和环境。在本应用程序中，我们构建并扩展了 三个重要的方法：(1)建议的研究评估不适应的父母教养方式和相关的酒精使用 在纪律活动期间，允许我们就与酒精相关的刺激性和 忽视养育方式；(2)本前瞻性研究利用个体自身的活动空间来理解 饮酒地点和环境如何随着时间的推移影响这些关系；以及(3)建立在我们的 与饮酒地点相关的发现，这项研究将明确检查父母使用当地酒精的情况 环境，包括社会关系如何可能加剧或阻碍饮酒行为 与不适应的育儿方式有关。60个半结构化的人种学访谈将使我们能够评估和 确定父母活动和相关饮酒空间、饮酒环境和社会支持的范围，以 能够开发关于这些主题的调查问题。多模式的两波(第2年和第4年) (电话和网络)调查数据收集，抽样2,100名儿童(出生至10岁)的父母 整个加利福尼亚州的30个社区将提供关于适应不良的信息 育儿、饮酒、活动空间、饮酒地点和环境，将解决以下问题 具体目标： (1)调查父母是否更有可能使用虐待或疏忽的育儿技巧 与没有饮酒时相比，在育儿前、育儿期间和育儿后立即进行管教； (2)确定父母活动空间的大小和使用是否调节了密度之间的关系 饮酒场所、饮酒场所的使用和不适应的育儿方式；以及活动空间的变化如何影响 使用渠道和饮酒场所控制其他已知的不适应父母教育的相关因素；以及 (3)考察社会支持网络的特征(父母所在地、饮酒行为、频率 接触)适度饮酒行为和暴露在酒精环境中会影响适应不良 为人父母。

Current research suggests that a relationship exists between alcohol use and child maltreatment. To date, however, a dearth of information exists on how much of maltreatment occurs when a parent has been drinking or how local alcohol environments, including how where a parent spends their time exposes him or her to various drinking locations and contexts. In this application we build upon and extend that work in three important ways: (1) The proposed study assesses maladaptive parenting and related alcohol use during discipline events, allowing us to make statements about the incidence of alcohol-related harsh and neglectful parenting practices; (2) This prospective study uses individuals own activity spaces to understand how drinking locations and contexts may affect these relationships over time; and (3) building upon our findings related to drinking locations, this study will explicitly examine parents' use of their local alcohol environments, including how social relationships may exacerbate or hinder drinking behaviors that are related to maladaptive parenting. Sixty semi-structured ethnographic interviews will allow us to assess and determine the range of parent activity and related drinking spaces, drinking contexts, and social supports to enable to development of survey questions on these topics. Two waves (Years 2 and 4) of multi-modal (telephone and web) survey data collection with 2,100 parents of children (birth to 10 years) sampled throughout 30 communities across the state of California will provide information about maladaptive parenting, alcohol use, activity spaces, and drinking locations and contexts that will address the following specific aims: (1) Investigate whether or not parents are more likely to use abusive or neglectful parenting techniques immediately before, during and after parenting discipline events compared to when no drinking has occurred; (2) Determine if the size and use of activity spaces by parents moderates the relationship between density of alcohol outlets, use of drinking venues and maladaptive parenting; and how changes in activity spaces affect use of outlets and drinking venues controlling for other known correlates of maladaptive parenting; and (3) Examine how characteristics of social support networks (location to parent, drinking behavior, frequency of contact) moderate drinking behaviors and exposure to alcohol environments to affect maladaptive parenting.