Comprehensive Translational Science Analytics Tools for the Global Health Agenda

描述（由申请人提供）：美国国立卫生研究院已宣布，它打算利用科学的力量，通过评估其在真实的世界环境中的相对有效性和成本效益，确定产生最大效益的健康干预措施。因此，循证方法将指导基础生物医学研究转化为常规临床实践和公共卫生政策。美国国立卫生研究院的承诺与 《悉尼宣言》由全球2,000多名公共卫生专业人员签署。这 《宣言》建议将艾滋病毒方案规划专用资源的10%用于 进行研究，以优化所采用的干预措施和所取得的健康成果，并断言， 没有这种持续的努力，就不可能结束艾滋病毒/艾滋病的流行。尽管有人呼吁 加大投入，实施科学方法论的实质性创新尚未 实现了开发相关和可获取的方法和软件， 循证实践将为实现千年发展目标做出重要贡献 目标;具体而言，消除艾滋病毒/艾滋病流行病，普及艾滋病治疗， 降低孕产妇和5岁以下儿童死亡率。美国作为世界上最大的 艾滋病毒/艾滋病救济和其他全球卫生倡议，在循证部署方面具有至关重要的利益 这一大规模投资在改善健康和减轻全世界人类痛苦。 本提案的目的是通过以下方式推进新兴的实施科学领域 开发一个全面的翻译科学分析工具包-一个急需的资源， 寻求推动当今全球和国内健康的调查人员、从业人员和政策制定者 通过将研究结果和证据整合到医疗保健政策和实践中来实现这一议程。 首席研究员将在她的职业轨迹上进行根本性的转变，以开发新的 方法，并调整生物统计学、流行病学、卫生经济学和 计算机科学的转化研究议程的需要。主要产出将是用户友好的 软件适用于翻译研究人员的要求和数据平台， 生物医学光谱。具体的创新是因果推理方法， 缺失数据的观察性研究;阶梯式楔形和两阶段研究设计;以及推断 进行成本效益分析和监测与评价 这里提出的综合工具包将为广泛采用循证医学铺平道路。 由医疗保险对医院的计划和干预措施进行评估和决策， 由世界各地的地方、州和国家政府。

DESCRIPTION (provided by applicant): The NIH has declared its intention to leverage the power of science to identify health interventions that yield the greatest benefits by assessing their relative effectiveness and cost-effectiveness in real world settings. Thus, evidence-based approaches will guide the translation of basic biomedical research into routine clinical practice and public health policy. The NIH’s commitment aligns with the Sydney Declaration, signed by more than 2,000 public health professionals worldwide. This Declaration recommends that 10% of all resources dedicated to HIV programming be used for research towards optimizing interventions utilized and health outcomes achieved, and asserts that without such a sustained effort, ending the HIV/AIDS epidemic will not be possible. Despite calls for greater investment, substantive innovation in implementation science methodology has not yet materialized. Development of relevant and accessible methodology and software to enable sound evidence-based practice stands to contribute importantly to meeting the Millennium Development Goals; specifically, ending the HIV/AIDS epidemic, providing universal access to AIDS treatment, and reducing maternal and under-5 child mortality. The United States, as the world’s leading funder of HIV/AIDS relief and other global health initiatives, has a vital stake in an evidence-based deployment of this massive investment in improving health and alleviating human suffering worldwide. The purpose of this proposal is to advance the emerging field of implementation science by developing a comprehensive translational science analytics toolkit—a much needed resource for investigators, practitioners, and policymakers who seek to drive today’s global and domestic health agenda through the integration of research findings and evidence into healthcare policy and practice. The principal investigator will undertake a fundamental shift in her career trajectory, to develop new methods and adapt existing methodologies in biostatistics, epidemiology, health economics and computer science to the needs of the translational research agenda. A primary output will be userfriendly software suitable to the requirements and data platforms of translational researchers across the biomedical spectrum. Specific innovations to be pursued are causal inference methods for observational research with missing data; stepped wedge and two stage study designs; and inference for cost effectiveness analysis and for monitoring and evaluation The development and dissemination of the comprehensive toolkit proposed here will pave the way for widespread adoption of evidencebased evaluation and decision-making of programs and interventions in hospitals, by Medicare, and by local, state and national governments around the world.