Translating Research into Systemic Interventions for Tobacco Cessation

描述（由申请人提供）：这是加州大学旧金山分校助理教授Dorie Apollonio博士申请K07奖的最终提交材料，她正在建立自己作为一名新的转化研究人员的地位。她的建议侧重于努力利用临床研究来支持制定国家政策，强制要求ADM人群接受戒烟治疗。该奖项将为Apollonio博士提供必要的支持，以实现成为一名独立的转化研究人员的目标，他将经历研究转化过程的所有步骤——临床研究的产生、汇总，以及最终被政策中介机构（倡导团体和记者）使用，他们将这些发现传达给政策制定者。为了实现这一目标，Apollonio博士召集了一组顾问，其中包括两位主要导师：Lisa Bero博士，临床药学教授，系统评价和循证医学方面的专家；Ruth Malone博士，ADM人群烟草使用方面的专家。此外，三名共同导师将为每一套培训活动及其相关目标提供专门知识；Neal Benowitz博士将分享他的临床研究如何进行的知识，Daniel Dohan博士将交流他在定性研究方法方面的经验，Laura Schmidt博士将提供开发行为干预方面的培训。此外，她将与四位合作者合作：史蒂文·施罗德博士和约瑟夫·盖迪什博士，他们一直活跃于寻求在精神健康和药物滥用治疗中心实施戒烟治疗的组织，丽莎·施瓦茨博士和史蒂文·沃洛申博士，他们有设计和评估教育干预措施的经验。虽然临床研究经常确定有效的公共卫生干预措施，但许多此类干预措施没有制定成政策，导致不必要的死亡和疾病。这一问题在烟草使用的研究中尤为突出，烟草使用是美国癌症死亡的主要可预防原因，对ADM人群的影响不成比例。Apollonio博士的提案将：（目标1）评估ADM人群中研究证据与大众对戒烟治疗的理解之间的对应关系；（目标2）确定临床研究人员和政策中介机构交流科研成果的手段；（目标3）设计、试点测试和评估基于网络的教育干预措施，以鼓励政策中介机构和临床研究人员之间更好的沟通。本研究将构成R01应用的基础，以完善和研究教育干预作为改进研究翻译的手段的有效性。

DESCRIPTION (provided by applicant): This is the final submission of an application for a K07 award for Dr. Dorie Apollonio, an Assistant Professor at the University of California, San Francisco, who is establishing herself as a new translational researcher. Her proposal focuses on efforts to use clinical research to support the creation of state policies mandating that smoking cessation therapy be available to ADM populations in treatment. This award will provide Dr. Apollonio with support necessary to achieve the goal of becoming an independent translational researcher experienced with all steps of the research translation process-clinical research generation, aggregation, and finally, its use by policy intermediaries-advocacy groups and journalists-who communicate these findings to policymakers. To achieve this goal, Dr. Apollonio has assembled a group of advisors including two primary mentors, Dr. Lisa Bero, Professor of Clinical Pharmacy, an expert in the creation of systematic reviews and in evidence-based medicine, and Dr. Ruth Malone, an expert in tobacco use in ADM populations. In addition, three co-mentors will provide expertise specific to each set of training activities and their associated aim; Dr. Neal Benowitz will share his knowledge of how clinical research is conducted, Dr. Daniel Dohan, will communicate his experience with qualitative research methods, and Dr. Laura Schmidt will provide training in developing behavioral interventions. In addition, she will work with four collaborators: Dr. Steven Schroeder and Dr. Joseph Guydish, who have been active with organizations seeking to implement smoking cessation therapy in mental health and substance abuse treatment centers, and Dr. Lisa Schwartz and Dr. Steven Woloshin, who have experience designing and evaluating educational interventions. Although clinical research often identifies effective public health interventions, many such interventions are not enacted into policy, leading to unnecessary death and disease. This problem is particularly acute in research on tobacco use, the leading preventable cause of cancer deaths in the United States, which disproportionately affects ADM populations. Dr. Apollonio's proposal will: (Aim 1) assess the correspondence between research evidence and popular understanding of smoking cessation therapy in ADM populations; (Aim 2) determine the means by which clinical researchers and policy intermediaries communicate scientific research findings; and (Aim 3) design, pilot test and evaluate web-based educational interventions to encourage better communication between policy intermediaries and clinical researchers. This research will form the basis for an R01 application to refine and study the effectiveness of educational interventions as a means of improving research translation.