Comparative electrophysiology: Visual event-related potentials and oscillations

描述（由申请人提供）：人类视觉事件相关电位（ERP）和脑电图（EEG）测量视觉处理过程中各种不同的认知操作。视觉ERP和EEG是诊断和研究神经和精神病理学疾病的重要工具，除了揭示健康的大脑如何将视觉输入转化为适当的反应。然而，不可能确切地确定哪些大脑区域产生与部署视觉注意力、视觉工作记忆存储和监测任务表现相关的特定ERP成分和EEG振荡。这个项目的更新将支持我们的工作本地化的ERP组件的来源和振荡的签名引起的视觉任务的性能使用人类和非人类灵长类动物。在后者中，我们将记录非侵入性ERP和EEG同时与颅内记录的局部场电位。从猴子和人类执行相同的视觉任务的初步证据表明，人类和猕猴ERP组件和特定频段的调制EEG提供指数的部署视觉注意力，视觉信息的存储在视觉工作记忆和性能监控之间的同源性。通过同时研究人类和猴子，该项目将允许临床医生和健康研究人员使用视觉和反应诱发的EEG活动和非侵入性记录的人类ERP组件来访问特定的大脑区域是否正常工作，并开发特定疾病的动物模型。与公共卫生的相关性：该研究计划的总体目标是使用常见的电生理学测量方法对人类和猴子进行比较研究。然后，开发技术，以确定是否非人类灵长类动物表现出电生理振荡和事件相关电位索引相同的认知过程，用于研究人类的精神和其他健康障碍。我们以前的工作表明，这些常见的电生理措施存在，本项目将使用人类和猴子来确定这些电位在大脑中的位置。这些方法将为健康研究人员开发人类健康疾病的动物模型，发现潜在的原因和测试潜在的治疗方法提供一种方法。

DESCRIPTION (provided by applicant): Human visual event-related potentials (ERPs) and the electroencephalogram (EEG) measure a variety of different cognitive operations during visual processing. Visual ERPs and EEG are vital tools in diagnosing and studying neurological and psychopathological disorders, in addition to revealing how the health brain turns visual inputs into appropriate responses. However, it is not possible to definitively determine what brain areas generate specific ERP components and EEG oscillations related to deploying visual attention, visual working memory storage, and monitoring task performance. The renewal of this project will support our work localizing the sources of ERP components and oscillatory signatures elicited during the performance of visual tasks using both humans and nonhuman primates. In the latter we will record noninvasive ERPs and EEG simultaneously with intracranial recordings of local field potentials. Preliminary evidence from monkeys and humans performing identical visual tasks demonstrates homology between human and macaque ERP components and the modulation of specific frequency bands in the EEG providing indices of the deployment of visual attention, the storage of visual information in visual working memory, and performance monitoring. By concurrently studying humans and monkeys this project will allow clinicians and health researchers to use the visually and response evoked EEG activity and ERP components recorded noninvasively from humans to access whether specific brain regions are functioning properly and also to develop animal models of specific disorders. Relevance to public health: The overall goal of this research program is to perform comparative studies of humans and monkeys using common electrophysiological measures. Then, to develop techniques to determine whether nonhuman primates exhibit electrophysiological oscillations and event-related potentials indexing the same cognitive processes as those used to study mental and other health disorders in humans. Our previous work demonstrates that these common electrophysiological measures exist and the present project will use humans and monkeys to determine where in the brain these potentials are generated. These methods will provide a way for health researchers to develop animal models of human health disorders, discover underlying causes, and test potential treatments.