Oral Macrophage Function in the Context of Periodontal Disease and HIV Infection

描述（由申请人提供）：hiv相关的免疫抑制有助于增加口腔中共生和机会性病原体的定植，导致许多hiv感染患者的口腔并发症。随着艾滋病毒病例数量的增加和艾滋病毒患者预期寿命的延长，艾滋病毒相关牙周病正在扩大成为一个主要的卫生保健问题。我们假设HIV感染的组织巨噬细胞直接导致了口咽免疫力的降低，并增强了宿主对牙周病原体（如牙龈卟啉单胞菌）的敏感性。我们建议使用来自口腔，特别是腭扁桃体的组织常驻巨噬细胞作为可处理的原代细胞模型来研究HIV如何影响巨噬细胞功能及其相关的口腔发病机制。此外，我们建议确定在原代巨噬细胞的背景下导致表观遗传调控的信号。这项提议的一个重要方面是我们能够获得艾滋病毒患者的临床样本，以及我们以前为他们提供牙科护理的经验。利用这一队列和我们的集体专业知识，我们将通过表征HIV感染者和对照个体口腔中的巨噬细胞和细胞因子来进行研究，以补充我们的体外研究。在完成这些研究后，我们希望对PD感染如何促进微环境促进HIV复制，炎症和进一步的牙周组织有新的见解

DESCRIPTION (provided by applicant): HIV-associated immune suppression contributes to increased colonization of commensal and opportunistic pathogens in the mouth, leading to oral complications in many HIV-infected patients. With the increasing number of HIV cases and longer life-expectancy of HIV patients, HIV-associated periodontal disease is expanding as a major health care issue. We hypothesize that HIV infection of tissue resident macrophages contribute directly to this compromise in oralpharyngeal immunity and enhanced host sensitivity to periodontal pathogens, such as the anaerobic bacterium Porphyromonas gingivalis. We are proposing to employ tissue resident macrophages from the oral cavity, specifically palatine tonsils, as a tractable primary cell model to study how HIV impacts macrophage function and associated oral pathogenesis. In addition, we propose determining signals that lead to epigenetic regulation in the context of the primary macrophages. An important aspect of this proposal is our ability to access clinical samples from patients with HIV and our previous experience in providing them with dental care. Using this cohort and our collective expertise, we will perform studies that complement our in vitro studies by characterizing macrophages and cytokines that are present in the oral cavities of HIV infected and control individuals. Upon completion of these studies, we expect to have novel insights into how PD infections contribute to a microenvironment that facilitates HIV replication, inflammation and further periodontal tissue destruction, directly contributing to HIV-associated oral pathogenesis.