Invasive cardiopulmonary exercise testing for the evaluation of unexplained and complex multifactorial BREATHlessnEss (i-BREATHE)

呼吸困难是一种常见的症状，可能是由心脏，肺部或肌肉疾病引起的。这并不罕见，原因是未确诊的，因为传统的测试不产生诊断，或因为一个人患有多种疾病。这项研究旨在使用侵入性心肺运动测试，一种高度专业化的测试，同时测量呼吸，心脏和肌肉功能，以改善呼吸困难患者的诊断和治疗。

Breathlessness is a common symptom that can be caused by diseases of the heart, lungs or muscles. It is not uncommon that the cause is undiagnosed either because conventional tests do not yield a diagnosis, or because an individual suffers from multiple diseases. This research aims to use invasive cardiopulmonary exercise testing, a highly specialised test which simultaneously measures breathing, heart and muscle function, to improve the diagnosis and treatment of patients with breathlessness.