Dangerous Drug Prevention Skills for People with Intellectual Disabilities

描述(由申请人提供)：当今美国一个被忽视、被忽视但却很严重的问题是智障人士使用和滥用烟草、酒精和其他药物(ID)。越来越多的ID患者独立生活在社区中，这既有好处，也有风险。许多ID患者不了解使用尼古丁、酒精和非法物质的危险，缺乏重要的预防技能(例如，自信和解决问题)，并且支持性社会网络有限。在患有I.D.的人身上发现的一些特征--注意力持续时间短，难以理解抽象概念，过于顺从的个性，学习和记忆障碍--增加了滥用药物的可能性及其负面后果。考虑到患有IDD的人独特的学习需求，目前为没有认知限制的人设计的预防计划过于抽象、快节奏和基于文本。这个项目的目标是制定一个全面的预防计划--智障人士的危险药物预防技能(DDPS)--将针对这一人群 并满足他们独特的学习需求。在第一阶段，开发了一个覆盖前两个单元的DVD原型。在第二阶段，将开发完整的交互式多媒体DVD，供智障人士及其学习伙伴(LP)使用。最终的全面的DDPS方案将由九个模块组成，这些模块基于针对这一人群的以研究为基础的预防方法。最终产品将进行商业包装，视频材料将以DVD形式提供。完成的计划将具有高度的互动性，并使用具体的材料，使用适当和不适当行为的视频模型，提供材料的角色扮演机会，频繁重复关键概念，并提供视觉而不是基于文本的提示。该计划的一个独特特点是使用学习伙伴(例如，直接支持人员、家长、倡导者)来帮助有ID的人学习和实践计划中提供的信息。

DESCRIPTION (provided by APPLICANT): An overlooked, neglected, yet significant problem in the United States today is the use and abuse of tobacco, alcohol, and other drugs by individuals with intellectual disabilities (ID). Increasing numbers of people with ID are living independently in the community with both its benefits and its risks. Many individuals with ID do not understand the dangers of nicotine use, alcohol, and illicit substances, are lacking in important prevention skills (e.g., assertiveness and problem solving), and have limited supportive social networks. Some of the characteristics found in people with I.D. - short attention span, difficulties with abstract concepts, overly compliant personalities, learning and memory deficits -- increase the likelihood of substance abuse and its negative consequences. Given the unique learning needs of individuals with I.D., current prevention programs designed for people without cognitive limitations are too abstract, fast paced, and text-based. The goal of this project is to develop a comprehensive prevention program -- Dangerous Drug Prevention Skills for People with Intellectual Disabilities (DDPS) -- that will be targeted to this population and address their unique learning needs. In Phase I a prototype DVD was developed that covered the first two units. In Phase II the complete interactive, multimedia DVD will be developed for use by people with ID and their learning partner (LP). The final comprehensive DDPS program will consist of nine modules based on research-based prevention approaches for this population. The final product will be commercially packaged and video material will be available on DVD. The completed program will be highly interactive and utilize concrete materials, use video models of appropriate and inappropriate behaviors, provide opportunities for role-playing of the materials, frequently repeat key concepts, and provide visual rather than text-based cues. A unique feature of the program will be the use of a learning partner (e.g., direct support staff, parent, advocate) to help the person with ID learn and practice the information provided in the program.