Meal Planning and Exercise Program for Adults with Intellectual Disabilities

描述（由申请人提供）：智障人士（ID）的肥胖率高于一般人群。他们的饮食通常能量密度很低，而且往往不运动。这一群体也经历了高患病率的健康相关问题：癌症、糖尿病、高血压和心血管疾病。我们迫切需要针对这一群体的特殊学习需求制定减肥计划。本项目MPEP；膳食计划和锻炼计划，将使用最好的行为减肥计划，同时结合一个新的，创新的，基于研究的方法，为这一人群，重点是预先包装的食物，膳食计划和简单的锻炼计划。该研究的主要目的是通过为患有ID的超重和肥胖成年人提供营养信息、易于实施且成本有效的膳食计划想法和锻炼策略，从而开发减肥/体重维持计划的有效性。干预将以社会认知理论（SCT）为指导，并将使用能量方程的两个方面：能量摄入和能量消耗。目标人群将是超重/肥胖的患有ID的成年人，他们住在家里，寄养家庭，团体家庭，或在支持下独立生活。这些生活安排往往使选择健康饮食和参加体育活动变得困难。护理人员经常根据大多数居民的意见来决定膳食（如果生活在集体环境中）。很容易为所有居民提供相同的食物和份量，或者父母作为照顾者让他们自由选择不健康的食物。经济和交通问题也使有身份证的个人难以参加社区体育活动项目。在这个项目中，我们将实施一种以研究为基础的方法，重点关注健康饮食，通过对“停止光饮食”的修改，包括膳食计划和预包装食品，以及以家庭为基础的渐进式步行计划。在第一阶段，我们将评估第一阶段（预包装主菜和每周膳食计划）影响的可行性。在第二阶段，我们将与传统饮食组一起评估整个套餐的有效性（三个月的膳食计划和锻炼，另外六个月的体重维持）。两组人都将参加一项体育活动计划，该计划已被证明可以改善这一人群的代谢风险因素，并在受控环境下有适度的体重减轻。这个程序将被修改以供家庭使用。

DESCRIPTION (provided by applicant): People with intellectual disabilities (ID) have rates of obesity greater than the general population. They often have poor energy dense diets and tend to be inactive. This group also experiences a high prevalence of health related problems: cancer, diabetes, hypertension, and cardiovascular diseases. There is a pressing need for weight loss programs targeted to the specific learning needs of this population. This project MPEP; Meal Planning and Exercise Program for Adults with ID, will use the best of the behavioral weight loss programs while incorporating a new, innovative, yet research-based approach for this population that focuses on prepackaged meals, meal plans, and simple exercise programs. The primary aims of the study are to develop the efficacy of a weight loss/weight maintenance program for overweight and obese adults with ID by providing individuals with ID and their care providers with information on nutrition, easy to implement and cost effective meal planning ideas, and exercise strategies. The intervention will be guided by Social Cognitive Theory (SCT) and will use both sides of the energy equation: energy intake and energy expenditure. The targeted population will be overweight/obese adults with ID who live at home, in foster homes, in group homes, or independently with supports. These living arrangements often make choosing a healthy diet and participating in physical activity difficult. The care providers frequently decide meal with input from the majority of the residents (if living in group situations). It is easy to serve the same foods and portion sizes to all residents or with parent as caregiver to give free choice to unhealthy foods. Financial and transportation issues also make it difficult for individuals with ID to participate in community-based physical activity programs. In this project, we will implement a research-based approach that focuses on healthy eating using a modification of the Stop Light Diet to include meal plans and pre-packaged foods and a home-based progressive walking program. In Phase I we will evaluate the feasibility of the impact of Session 1 (prepackaged entrees and a weekly meal plan). In Phase II we will evaluate the effectiveness of the entire package (meal planning and exercise for three months and weight maintenance for an additional six months) with a traditional diet group. Both groups will participate in a physical activity program that has been shown to improve metabolic risks factors in this population and has had modest weight loss in controlled settings. This program will be modified for home use. PUBLIC HEALTH RELEVANCE: Research on living a healthy lifestyles by healthy eating, weight loss, and physical activity, due to it implications with cancer, heart disease, and a host of other secondary conditions, is highly relevant to public health. Individuals with ID are a population at risk due to their sedentary lifestyle. Additionally, a high percentage of them are obese or overweight. There is a pressing need to involve this group in healthy eating, nutrition education, and physical activities. By focusing on these individuals with ID, this program brings needed intervention tools for an underserved population.