Meal Planning and Exercise Program for Adults with Intellectual Disabilities

描述(申请人提供)：智障人士(ID)的肥胖率高于普通人群。他们经常缺乏能量，高密度的饮食，而且往往不活跃。这一群体还经历了与健康相关的问题的高发：癌症、糖尿病、高血压和心血管疾病。迫切需要针对这一人群的特定学习需求的减肥计划。这个项目MPEP；成人饮食计划和锻炼计划，将使用最佳的行为减肥计划，同时纳入一个新的，创新的，但基于研究的方法，重点是预先包装的饮食，膳食计划，和简单的锻炼计划。这项研究的主要目的是通过为患有ID的个人及其护理人员提供有关营养、易于实施和成本效益高的饮食规划想法以及锻炼策略的信息，为超重和肥胖的成人ID开发减肥/体重维持计划的有效性。干预将以社会认知理论(SCT)为指导，并将使用能量方程的两个方面：能量摄入和能量消耗。目标人群将是超重/肥胖的成年人，他们住在家里、寄养家庭、集体之家或独立生活。这些生活安排往往使选择健康的饮食和参加体力活动变得困难。护理提供者经常根据大多数居民的意见决定膳食(如果生活在集体情况下)。向所有居民提供相同的食物和份量很容易，或者有父母作为照顾者，让不健康的食物自由选择。经济和交通问题也使有ID的个人很难参加基于社区的体育活动计划。在这个项目中，我们将实施一种以研究为基础的方法，通过对停止灯饮食进行修改，包括膳食计划和预先包装的食物，以及以家庭为基础的渐进步行计划，专注于健康饮食。在第一阶段，我们将评估第一次会议(预先包装的主菜和每周用餐计划)的影响的可行性。在第二阶段，我们将评估整个套餐的有效性(三个月的饮食计划和锻炼，以及另外六个月的体重维持)。这两组人都将参加一项体力活动计划，该计划已被证明可以改善这一人群中的代谢风险因素，并在受控环境中适度减肥。这个程序将被修改以供家庭使用。 公共卫生相关性：关于通过健康饮食、减肥和体力活动来过健康生活方式的研究，由于它与癌症、心脏病和许多其他次要疾病有关，与公共健康高度相关。患有ID的人由于其久坐不动的生活方式而处于危险之中。此外，他们中有很高比例的人肥胖或超重。迫切需要让这一群体参与健康饮食、营养教育和体育活动。通过将重点放在这些有ID的人身上，该计划为服务不足的人群带来了必要的干预工具。

DESCRIPTION (provided by applicant): People with intellectual disabilities (ID) have rates of obesity greater than the general population. They often have poor energy dense diets and tend to be inactive. This group also experiences a high prevalence of health related problems: cancer, diabetes, hypertension, and cardiovascular diseases. There is a pressing need for weight loss programs targeted to the specific learning needs of this population. This project MPEP; Meal Planning and Exercise Program for Adults with ID, will use the best of the behavioral weight loss programs while incorporating a new, innovative, yet research-based approach for this population that focuses on prepackaged meals, meal plans, and simple exercise programs. The primary aims of the study are to develop the efficacy of a weight loss/weight maintenance program for overweight and obese adults with ID by providing individuals with ID and their care providers with information on nutrition, easy to implement and cost effective meal planning ideas, and exercise strategies. The intervention will be guided by Social Cognitive Theory (SCT) and will use both sides of the energy equation: energy intake and energy expenditure. The targeted population will be overweight/obese adults with ID who live at home, in foster homes, in group homes, or independently with supports. These living arrangements often make choosing a healthy diet and participating in physical activity difficult. The care providers frequently decide meal with input from the majority of the residents (if living in group situations). It is easy to serve the same foods and portion sizes to all residents or with parent as caregiver to give free choice to unhealthy foods. Financial and transportation issues also make it difficult for individuals with ID to participate in community-based physical activity programs. In this project, we will implement a research-based approach that focuses on healthy eating using a modification of the Stop Light Diet to include meal plans and pre-packaged foods and a home-based progressive walking program. In Phase I we will evaluate the feasibility of the impact of Session 1 (prepackaged entrees and a weekly meal plan). In Phase II we will evaluate the effectiveness of the entire package (meal planning and exercise for three months and weight maintenance for an additional six months) with a traditional diet group. Both groups will participate in a physical activity program that has been shown to improve metabolic risks factors in this population and has had modest weight loss in controlled settings. This program will be modified for home use. PUBLIC HEALTH RELEVANCE: Research on living a healthy lifestyles by healthy eating, weight loss, and physical activity, due to it implications with cancer, heart disease, and a host of other secondary conditions, is highly relevant to public health. Individuals with ID are a population at risk due to their sedentary lifestyle. Additionally, a high percentage of them are obese or overweight. There is a pressing need to involve this group in healthy eating, nutrition education, and physical activities. By focusing on these individuals with ID, this program brings needed intervention tools for an underserved population.