Behavioral consequences and cellular substrates of plasticity in visual cortex

描述（由申请人提供）：学习和记忆神经生物学的中心问题是经验在哪里以及如何修改大脑以改变行为。最近，我们描述了一种生理现象，在头部固定清醒小鼠称为刺激选择性反应增强（SRP），其中初级视觉皮层的反应显着增强作为一个结果，反复暴露于特定的视觉刺激。这种强有力的可塑性形式在成年人的初级视觉皮层中被诱导和表达，并显示出许多感知学习的特征。本研究的主要目的是：a）使用两种新型行为测定来确定SRP的行为意义; B）确定SRP如何在视皮质内的细胞水平上表达; c）查明被修饰的突触。除了我们提出的研究与识别感知学习和/或视觉识别记忆的潜在机制的相关性之外，它们还将拓宽我们对初级感觉区域如何被感觉体验修改以修改行为的理解，这仍然是基础神经科学的巨大挑战之一。

DESCRIPTION (provided by applicant): Central questions in the neurobiology of learning and memory are where and how experience modifies the brain to alter behavior. Recently we have described a physiological phenomenon in head-fixed awake mice termed stimulus-selective response potentiation (SRP), in which responsiveness of primary visual cortex is markedly enhanced as a result of repeated exposure to specific visual stimuli. This robust form of plasticity is induced and expressed in the adult primary visual cortex and displays many of the features that are characteristic of perceptual learning. The primary aims of this research are to; a) to determine the behavioral significance of SRP using two novel behavioral assays; b) determine how SRP is expressed at the cellular level within visual cortex and; c) pinpoint the synapses that are modified. Beyond the relevance of our proposed research to identifying the mechanisms underlying perceptual learning and/or visual recognition memory, they will broaden our understanding of how primary sensory areas are modified by sensory experience in order to modify behavior, which remains one of the great challenges in basic neuroscience.