The Role of Contingency Management in Waterpipe Smoking Cessation

描述（由申请人提供）：烟草使用每年在美国造成50多万人死亡。虽然香烟的使用有所下降，但其他烟草产品的使用保持稳定。事实上，在2007年，美国肺脏协会发布了一项政策警报，警告消费者注意21世纪世纪的第一个新烟草趋势。很少有研究对水烟进行调查其有害影响。此外，没有已知的研究评估了水烟吸烟者的戒烟治疗。该项目有两个部分：1）公共卫生护士科学家的职业发展和培训，以建立围绕水管吸烟预防进行创新和严格研究所需的研究技能和背景，2）一项模拟研究，以测试应急管理（CM）在促进通过唾液可替宁验证的水管吸烟戒烟5周中的作用，并描述自我报告的尼古丁戒断症状。基于水烟在短时间内惊人的增长率，迫切需要进行临床研究，以研究针对水烟吸烟者戒烟的治疗方式。鉴于CM在促进戒除多种药物使用中的作用的证据，CM用于水烟戒烟的效用的调查是重要和及时的。虽然尼古丁替代疗法（NRT）是治疗通过香烟递送的尼古丁依赖的主要治疗方法，但水烟筒吸烟的间歇性使用模式表明CM可能更有效地促进水烟筒戒烟。最终，这一系列研究将帮助公共卫生护士通过一种创新的方法来治疗水烟来改善公众的健康，这是实现2020年健康人群烟草目标的重要而及时的一步。为此，本研究中产生的基于证据的知识可能有助于将治疗方案转化为公共卫生实践。

DESCRIPTION (provided by applicant): Tobacco use kills more than 500,000 people in the United States each year. Although the use of cigarettes has declined, the use of other tobacco products has remained steady. Waterpipe smoking is a common form of tobacco smoking after cigarettes in the U.S. In fact, in 2007 the American Lung Association issued a policy alert to warn consumers about this first new tobacco trend of the 21st century. Few studies have been conducted on waterpipe smoking to investigate its harmful effects. Furthermore, no known studies have evaluated treatments for smoking cessation in waterpipe smokers. This project has two parts: 1) career development and training of a public health nurse scientist to build the research skills and background necessary to conduct innovative and rigorous research around waterpipe smoking prevention and 2) an analog study to test the role of contingency management (CM) in promoting abstinence from waterpipe smoking for 5 weeks verified by salivary cotinine and to characterize self-reported nicotine withdrawal symptoms. Based on the alarming growth rate over a short period of time in waterpipe tobacco smoking, there is a critical need for clinical research to investigate treatment modalities targeting smoking cessation for waterpipe smokers. Given the evidence for the role of CM in promoting abstinence from many types of drug use, investigation of the utility of CM for waterpipe smoking cessation is important and timely. Although Nicotine Replacement Therapy (NRT) is the mainstay treatment for treating nicotine dependence delivered through cigarettes, the intermittent use patterns that characterize waterpipe smoking suggest that CM may be more effective in promoting waterpipe smoking cessation. Ultimately, this line of research will help public health nurses to improve the health of the public through an innovative approach to treatment of waterpipe smoking and is an important and timely step towards meeting the tobacco objective for Healthy People 2020. To this end, the evidence based knowledge generated in this study may assist in the translation of the treatment program into public health practice.