Project 2- Attention and Dual Task Interference

项目总结（见说明）; 项目2：注意力和双任务干扰我们继续使用翻译行为 科学战略，使范式具有更大的分析能力，以研究精神分裂症的注意力。的 加州大学圣地亚哥分校的Pashler博士与加州大学洛杉矶分校的临床研究人员Nuechterlein博士和Subotnik博士合作， 产生了强有力的证据，有利于具体模型的结构处理瓶颈，在分散注意力， 精神分裂症除此之外，在精神分裂症中， 在反应选择过程和反应产生过程中是孤立的。因此，虽然感知编码 在精神分裂症患者中正常进行而不引起双任务干扰，反应选择 一项任务中的反应过程和反应产生（运动）过程明显干扰另一项任务的完成。 虽然双任务干扰的许多方面在疾病的各个阶段都是不正常的，但其中的某些成分是不正常的。 异常严重的处理瓶颈往往从前驱阶段进展到后期阶段， 精神分裂症运动干扰也预测了以后的工作功能独立于记忆和社会 认知缺陷，这表明它具有独特的作用。在该项目的下一阶段， 提出了首先，为了将记忆项目的发现与注意力项目的发现相结合，我们将 检查陈述性记忆过程是否以某种方式干扰其他同时处理， 在精神分裂症中有一个特别严重的结构处理瓶颈。第二，我们会延长 该项目的研究结果涉及具有享乐后果的动机性决策，而不是 只有简单的预先指定的响应选择。第三，我们将进一步研究 运动过程对注意力功能障碍和功能结果的作用与记忆的作用不同 流程.最后，我们将研究在何种程度上的指标，特别是处理瓶颈， 精神分裂症作为功能能力贡献者，并通过其贡献日常功能水平。

PROJECT SUMMARY (See instructions); PROJECT 2: ATTENTION AND DUAL-TASK INTERFERENCE We continue to use a translational behavioral science strategy to bring paradigms with greater analytic power to the study of attention in schizophrenia. The collaboration between Dr. Pashler of UCSD and clinical researchers Drs. Nuechterlein and Subotnik of UCLA has yielded strong evidence in favor of specific models of structural processing bottlenecks in divided attention in schizophrenia. Beyond this, sites of marked structural processing bottlenecks in schizophrenia have been isolated in response selection processes and response production processes. Thus, while perceptual encoding proceeds normally without causing dual-task interference in schizophrenia patients, response selection processes and response production (motoric) processes in one task markedly interfere with doing another task. While many aspects of dual-task interference are abnormal across phases of illness, some component of an abnormally severe processing bottleneck tend to progress in severity from prodromal to later phases of schizophrenia. Motoric interference also predicts later work functioning independently from memory and social cognition deficits, suggesting that it has a distinctive role. In the next phase ofthis project, several new steps are proposed. First, to integrate findings in the memory project with the findings ofthis attention project, we will examine whether declarative memory processes interfere with other simultaneous processing in a way that involves a particularly severe structural processing bottleneck in schizophrenia. Second, we will extend the findings ofthis project to situations that involve motivated decisions with hedonic consequences, rather than only simple pre-designated response selections. Third, we will examine further whether the contribution of motor processes to attentional dysfunction and functional outcome is distinct from the contribution of memory processes. Finally, we will examine the extent to which indicators of particular processing bottlenecks in schizophrenia serve as contributors to functional capacity and through it contribute to everyday functional level.