Does resilience to childhood adversity improve with social intelligence training?

 描述(申请人提供)：无可争议的是，健康随着年龄的增长而下降，而且下降的速度对每个人来说都不一样。先前的研究已经确定了许多加速患病风险的来源，其中最可靠的健康不良预测因素是社会应激源，包括童年时期虐待的社会关系。早年的逆境可能会导致 在中年，心理健康和身体功能通过各种途径变得更差；最有可能的途径是社交根源，包括家庭关系问题，对人际压力的高度敏感，以及社会孤立。有没有可能打断早期的逆境和晚年的疾病之间的因果关系呢？这笔赠款具体研究了这个问题，我们解决了可归因于童年逆境的风险的个体差异是否可以通过对社区居民的社会智力(SI)干预来逆转，这些社区居民是中年韧性生物心理社会标记物综合研究的一部分。本研究的主要目的有三个：(1)考察SI干预是否能够提高奖励社会关系的能力，特别是对有早期生活逆境史的个体。(2)检验支持我们假设的证据 社会关系质量的干预相关收益将有助于心理和身体功能的改善，并影响健康风险和复原力的两个生物标记物：白细胞介素6(IL-6)和脱氢表雄酮-S。(3)探讨年龄、性别、虐待史、个性和风险遗传标记的个体差异，以确定参与者对干预反应最快。为了解决这些问题，将对220名中年参与者中随机选择的一半进行SI干预：一半有 虐待儿童的人和一半没有报告虐待行为的人。该计划是一个在线自我教育系列视频，带有意识练习和行为实践，旨在增强对人际关系的知识基金，提高技能，并增强参与社交活动的动机。除了用日常日记记录社会关系外，我们还将评估参与者在干预前、测试后、三个月和六个月时的社会、心理和身体功能。我们假设，与对照相比，SI干预将促进建立、维持社会关系并从社会关系中获益的能力的持久改善，这将导致更好的心理和身体功能。我们将检验这一假设的证据，即干预的好处将对经历过更大童年逆境的个人最大，并探索SI计划的其他个体接受程度的差异，这将为未来完善、测试和传播这一创新计划的努力提供信息。

 DESCRIPTION (provided by applicant): It is indisputable that health declines with age, and that the rate of decline is not the same for everyone. Many sources of accelerated risk of illness have been identified in prior research, and among the most reliable predictors of ill health are social stressors, including abusive social relations in childhood. Early life adversity may lead to poorer mental health and physical functioning in midlife through various pathways; among the most likely paths are social in origin, including troubled family relationships, heightened sensitivity to interpersonal stressors, and social isolation. Is it possible to interrupt this caus-effect pairing between early adversity and illness in later life? This grant examines that question Specifically, we address whether the individual differences in risk attributable to childhood adversity are reversible through a social intelligence (SI) intervention for an established cohort of community residents who were part of a comprehensive study of biopsychosocial markers of resilience at Mid-Life. We have three primary objectives in this research: (1) to examine whether an SI intervention can enhance the capacity for rewarding social relations, especially for individuals with a history of early life adversity. (2) To examine evidence for our hypothesis that intervention-related gains in the quality of social relationship will be responsible for the improvements in psychological, and physical functioning, and influence two bio- markers of health risk and resilience: interleukin 6 (IL-6) and DHEA-S. (3) To probe for individual differences in age, gender, history of abuse, personality, and genetic markers of risk that identif participants most responsive to the intervention. To address these questions, an SI intervention will be delivered to a random-selected half of 220 middle-aged participants: Half with a history of child abuse and half who did not report abuse. The program is an on-line self-instructional series of videos with awareness exercises and behavioral practices designed to enhance fund of knowledge about relationships, increase skills, and enhance motivation to engage socially. In addition to charting social relations with daily diaries, we will assess participants' social, psychological, and physical functioning at pre-test, post-test, three months, and six months following the intervention. We hypothesize that the SI intervention will prompt lasting improvement in the ability to establish, maintain, and benefit from social relations in comparison to controls, which will lead to better psychological and physical functioning. We will examine evidence for the hypothesis that the benefits of the intervention will be largest for individuals who have experienced greater early childhood adversity, as well as probe other individual differences in receptivity to the SI program that will inform future efforts to refine, test and disseminate this innovative program.