Social Intelligence training for custodial grandmothers and their adolescent grandchildren

总结： 我们研究了在线社会智力干预（SII）在改善健康和良好方面的功效- 监护祖母（CGMs）和他们的青少年监护孙子（ACG）通过相互 提高他们的社会能力。这一目标群体特别重要，因为 CGMs和ACG经历了显著的早期生活逆境，导致对他人的高度警惕，不信任， 社会孤立，人际冲突，无法从家人和朋友那里获得温暖和支持。 许多研究表明，这些关系的挑战，在“风险家庭”往往导致终身 人际交往困难，增加了行为和身体健康问题的可能性。此外，委员会认为， 青少年时期是社会能力发展的关键时期，社会能力的发展受支持性因素的影响， 从女性父母的形象中汲取灵感和积极的建模。然而，由于CGMs携带 这种社会技能的代际传递受到了挑战， CGM-ACG二联体对逆转这种负性后遗症有价值。然而，到目前为止，没有其他研究人员 这样做。为了解决这一差距，我们将进行一项在线随机临床试验，在全国范围内招募340名 CGM-ACG（年龄12-18岁）被分配给SII或注意力控制条件的二分之一。数据将 在测试前和测试后以及3个月、6个月和9个月随访时通过电话完成的问卷调查获得。 每天的日记将从170个随机选择的二人组中收集，定性访谈将在 本研究以60名二人组为研究对象，探讨SII如何影响他们的日常社交能力和社会关系。我们将 获得定量和定性的措施，关键的社会认知过程，质量密切的人际关系， 关系、心理健康和身体健康。行政医疗，刑事和教育记录， 所有340个二元组也将用于成本效益分析，以检查公众负担的变化 系统.这些混合方法允许严格检查四个具体目标：（1）调查是否SII 提高社会能力，反过来，产生长期的关系质量，福祉的变化， 身体健康;这包括确定一个二元体成员的社会能力增加是否会导致伴侣 （2）检查累积风险、性别和年龄是否影响SII疗效;（3）研究 CGM-ACG二人组如何定性地看待SII改变了他们的社会能力， 积极成果;以及（4）评估SII对参与者及其社区的经济利益。 这些目标解决了一个非常重要的公共卫生问题，将为今后支持广泛的 一系列高风险家庭，如监护人祖父母，他们通常无法获得正式支持 服务我们的SII是有利的，因为它是廉价的，在线交付，非污名化，并能够 接触到地理上分散的、非常需要支助性方案的目标人口。

SUMMARY: We examine the efficacy of an online Social Intelligence Intervention (SII) at improving the health and well- being of custodial grandmothers (CGMs) and their adolescent custodial grandchildren (ACG) through mutual enhancement of their social competencies. This target population is of particular importance because both CGMs and ACG experience significant early life adversities that lead to hypervigilance of others, mistrust, social isolation, interpersonal conflict, and the inability to garner warmth and support from family and friends. Numerous studies have shown that these relational challenges within “risky families” often lead to life-long interpersonal difficulties that increase the probability of behavioral and physical health problems. Furthermore, adolescence is a key period for the development of social competence, which is influenced by supportive caregiving and positive modeling from female parent figures. However, because the ability of CGMs to carry out this intergenerational transmission of social skills is challenged, examining joint social intelligence training for CGM-ACG dyads is valuable for reversing this negative sequela. Yet, to date, no other investigators have done so. To address this gap, we will conduct an online randomized clinical trial with 340 nationally-recruited CGM-ACG (ages 12-18) dyads assigned to either the SII or an attention control condition. Data will be obtained at pre- and post-test, and at 3-, 6-, and 9-month follow-ups via questionnaires completed by phone. Daily dairies will be collected online from 170 randomly selected dyads, and qualitative interviews will be conducted with 60 dyads to probe how the SII affected their daily social competence and social ties. We will obtain quantitative and qualitative measures of key social cognitive processes, quality of close interpersonal ties, psychological well-being, and physical health. Administrative medical, criminal, and education records for all 340 dyads will also be obtained for cost-benefit analyses that examine changes in burden on public systems. These mixed-methods allow rigorous examination of four specific aims: (1) To investigate if the SII enhances social competencies that, in turn, produce long-term changes in relationship quality, well-being, and physical health; this includes determining if increased social competence in one dyad member leads to partner effects in the other; (2) To examine if cumulative risk, gender, and age moderate SII efficacy; (3) To study qualitatively how CGM-ACG dyads view the SII as having changed their social competencies and yielded positive outcomes; and (4) To assess the financial benefits of the SII to participants and their communities. These aims address a highly significant public health problem that will inform future efforts to support a wide range of high risk families, like custodial grandfamilies, who typically have insufficient access to formal support services. Our SII is advantageous because it is inexpensive, delivered online, non-stigmatizing, and capable of reaching a target population that is geographically disperse and greatly in need of supportive programming.