National Consortium on Alcohol and NeuroDevelopment in Adolescence: San Diego

描述（由申请人提供）：作为对RFA-AA-12-006的回应，本申请提出了加州大学圣地亚哥分校青少年酒精和神经发育国家联盟（n - canada）的研究组成部分，以确定酒精使用对青少年大脑发育的影响。招募年龄在12至21岁之间的170名圣地亚哥高风险社区样本（来自所有4个站点的N=680）将完成基线评估，并在加速纵向设计中进行3次年度随访评估。在每次访问时，将测量多模态磁共振成像（MRI）方案、综合神经心理学电池、酒精和其他物质使用及相关问题、精神健康症状学和物质使用障碍风险因素的评估。脑成像包括最先进的高分辨率结构MRI （sMRI）、扩散张量成像（DTI）和静息状态MRI （rsMRI）。对酒精后果的检查将集中在青春期积极发育的大脑区域的结构和功能成熟上，这些区域涉及心理调节，对奖励作出反应，并且容易受到酒精的神经毒性影响。此外，我们的研究部门将在另外两项研究上进行合作。首先，我们将与杜克大学网站合作，研究这些异常的恢复。具体来说，我们将研究在4周的戒酒监测中，重度饮酒相关的神经认知和大脑完整性缺陷的缓解程度。第二，我们将与SRI国际网站合作研究默认模式网络。特别是，我们将研究青少年酗酒对默认模式网络完整性的影响，以及这在多大程度上介导认知表现，在Stroop匹配样本任务期间使用功能连通性分析，并结合任务前后获得的静息状态fMRI数据。在风险和基线大脑特征的背景下进行研究，我们将确定酒精暴露对青少年大脑发育轨迹的影响，并确定可能使青少年酒精使用障碍风险升高的先前存在的心理生物学脆弱性。

DESCRIPTION (provided by applicant): In response to RFA-AA-12-006, this application proposes the UCSD Research Component of the National Consortium on Alcohol and Neurodevelopment in Adolescence (N-CANDA) to determine the effects of alcohol use on the developing adolescent brain. Recruited at ages 12 through 21, a high risk enhanced community sample of 170 San Diego subjects (N=680 from all 4 sites) will complete a baseline assessment and undergo three annual follow-up assessments in an accelerated longitudinal design. At each visit, a multimodal magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) protocol, comprehensive neuropsychological battery, and assessments of alcohol and other substance use and related problems, mental health symptomatology, and substance use disorder risk factors will be measured. Brain imaging includes state-of-the-art high-resolution structural MRI (sMRI), diffusion tensor imaging (DTI), and resting state MRI (rsMRI). The examination of alcohol consequences will focus on structural and functional maturation of brain areas that actively develop during adolescence, are involved in psychological regulation, respond to rewards, and appear vulnerable to neurotoxic effects of alcohol. In addition, our Research Component will collaborate on two additional studies. First, we will collaborate with the Duke University site to study recovery of these abnormalities. Specifically, we will examine the degree to which targeted heavy drinking related neurocognitive and brain integrity deficits remit over 4 weeks of monitored abstinence. Second, we will collaborate with the SRI International site to study the default mode network. In particular, we will examine the influence of adolescent heavy drinking on default mode network integrity, and the extent to which this mediates cognitive performance, using functional connectivity analyses during a Stroop Match to Sample task in conjunction with resting state fMRI data acquired both before and after the task. Studied in the context of risks and baseline brain characteristics, we will determine both the effects of alcohol exposure on the developmental trajectory of the adolescent human brain, and identify preexisting psychobiological vulnerabilities that may put an adolescent at elevated risk for an alcohol use disorder.