Maladaptive parenting, activity spaces, alcohol and the substance use environmen

目前的研究表明，酗酒和虐待儿童之间存在联系。到目前为止， 然而，缺乏资料，说明有多少虐待发生时，父母已经 饮酒或当地的酒精环境，包括父母如何花费时间暴露他或 不同的饮酒场所和环境。在这个应用程序中，我们建立和扩展了这项工作， 三个重要方面：（1）拟议的研究评估了适应不良的父母和相关的酒精使用 在纪律事件中，允许我们对与酒精有关的苛刻和 （2）本研究采用个体自身活动空间， 随着时间的推移，饮酒地点和环境如何影响这些关系;以及（3）建立在我们的基础上， 这项研究将明确调查父母使用当地酒精的情况， 环境，包括社会关系如何可能加剧或阻碍饮酒行为， 与不适应的父母有关60个半结构化的人种学访谈将使我们能够评估和 确定父母活动的范围和相关的饮酒空间，饮酒环境和社会支持， 能够就这些主题制定调查问题。两波（第2年和第4年）多模式 （电话和网络）对2，100名儿童（从出生到10岁）的父母进行抽样调查 整个加州的30个社区将提供有关适应不良的信息， 养育子女、酒精使用、活动空间以及饮酒地点和环境，将解决以下问题 具体目标： (1)调查父母是否更有可能使用虐待或忽视的育儿技巧 与没有饮酒时相比，在父母管教事件之前、期间和之后; (2)确定父母活动空间的大小和使用是否会调节 酒精出口，使用饮酒场所和适应不良的父母;以及活动空间的变化如何影响 使用出口和饮酒场所，控制其他已知的适应不良的养育相关因素; (3)研究社会支持网络的特征（父母的位置，饮酒行为，频率） 接触）适度饮酒行为和暴露于酒精环境， 养育

Current research suggests that a relationship exists between alcohol use and child maltreatment. To date, however, a dearth of information exists on how much of maltreatment occurs when a parent has been drinking or how local alcohol environments, including how where a parent spends their time exposes him or her to various drinking locations and contexts. In this application we build upon and extend that work in three important ways: (1) The proposed study assesses maladaptive parenting and related alcohol use during discipline events, allowing us to make statements about the incidence of alcohol-related harsh and neglectful parenting practices; (2) This prospective study uses individuals own activity spaces to understand how drinking locations and contexts may affect these relationships over time; and (3) building upon our findings related to drinking locations, this study will explicitly examine parents' use of their local alcohol environments, including how social relationships may exacerbate or hinder drinking behaviors that are related to maladaptive parenting. Sixty semi-structured ethnographic interviews will allow us to assess and determine the range of parent activity and related drinking spaces, drinking contexts, and social supports to enable to development of survey questions on these topics. Two waves (Years 2 and 4) of multi-modal (telephone and web) survey data collection with 2,100 parents of children (birth to 10 years) sampled throughout 30 communities across the state of California will provide information about maladaptive parenting, alcohol use, activity spaces, and drinking locations and contexts that will address the following specific aims: (1) Investigate whether or not parents are more likely to use abusive or neglectful parenting techniques immediately before, during and after parenting discipline events compared to when no drinking has occurred; (2) Determine if the size and use of activity spaces by parents moderates the relationship between density of alcohol outlets, use of drinking venues and maladaptive parenting; and how changes in activity spaces affect use of outlets and drinking venues controlling for other known correlates of maladaptive parenting; and (3) Examine how characteristics of social support networks (location to parent, drinking behavior, frequency of contact) moderate drinking behaviors and exposure to alcohol environments to affect maladaptive parenting.