Training in Research Program on Alcohol Use by Persons with or at Risk for HIV

描述（由申请人提供）：在美国和世界范围内，酒精消费对艾滋病流行的重要和有害作用直到最近才开始被认识到。因此，迫切需要培养这一领域的新研究人员。加州大学旧金山分校驻校副教授Judy Hahn博士是一位主要的流行病学家，她研究乌干达艾滋病毒感染者和旧金山年轻成年注射吸毒者的个人酒精消费模式和相关风险行为，以及酒精消费对艾滋病毒感染结果的影响。她的研究的一个显著特点是表征和使用酒精的直接代谢物，磷脂酰乙醇，以补充经常不可靠的自我报告。Hahn博士建议利用K24的专门时间指导USCF以及乌干达研究人员进行以患者为导向的酒精/艾滋病毒研究。她的学员将获得动手研究经验，培训数据分析，手稿准备，拨款写作，以及职业指导。学员培训将利用Hahn博士正在进行的纵向队列研究（R01 AA018631和U01 AA020776）的基础设施和资源，以及她与国内和全球酒精、物质使用和艾滋病毒领域的多学科研究人员的合作。为了提高她的指导技能，她建议参加UCSF导师发展计划，并接受指导教练的个性化培训。为了将Hahn博士的研究扩展到开展干预措施以减少酒精对艾滋病毒流行的影响，她将获得实施科学方面的培训，这是一个旨在将基于证据的干预措施应用于新环境的影响最大化的领域。她将审查现有的公共卫生基础设施，如艾滋病毒预防、检测和治疗方案，作为纳入筛查和短暂干预（SBI）等酒精干预措施的可能途径。最后，Hahn博士建议进行K24支持的酒精研究，作为学员的培训工具，并扩大她的研究。这些研究使用酒精消费的生物标志物来补充自我报告，将使用她正在进行的美国国立卫生研究院资助的乌干达艾滋病毒感染者和旧金山年轻成人IDU队列研究的数据进行，以检查(1)与低报酒精消费相关的因素和(2)与自发减少酒精消费相关的因素。此外，她还将开展形成性工作，探索与这两种不同环境相关的潜在干预途径。总而言之，这个K24将利用Hahn博士活跃的研究项目和加州大学旧金山分校广泛的基础设施来支持一个项目：(1)扩大对美国和国际学员的指导，以解决全球酒精消费问题及其对艾滋病毒流行的影响；(2)通过指导课程和指导以及实施科学领域的培训来培养导师。(3)开展研究，推进实施有效干预措施，减少艾滋病毒感染者和艾滋病毒高危人群的酒精消费。

DESCRIPTION (provided by applicant): The significant and harmful role that alcohol consumption plays on the HIV epidemic in the U.S. and worldwide has only recently begun to be recognized. Therefore there is urgent need to train new researchers in this field. Dr. Judy Hahn, Associate Professor in Residence, University of California, San Francisco, is a leading epidemiologist studying within-person alcohol consumption patterns and associated risk behaviors, and the effect of alcohol consumption on HIV outcomes by persons living with HIV in Uganda and among young adult injecting drug users (IDU) in San Francisco. A distinctive hallmark of her research is the characterization and use of a direct metabolite of alcohol, phosphatidylethanol, to supplement frequently unreliable self-report. Dr. Hahn proposes to use K24 dedicated time to mentor USCF as well as Ugandan investigators in patient oriented alcohol/HIV research. Her mentees will gain hands-on research experience, training in data analysis, manuscript preparation, and grant writing, as well as career mentoring. Mentee training will leverage the infrastructure and resources of Dr. Hahn's ongoing longitudinal cohort studies (R01 AA018631 and U01 AA020776) and her collaborations with multidisciplinary researchers in the areas of alcohol, substance use, and HIV domestically and worldwide. In order to increase her mentoring skills, she proposes to participate in the UCSF Mentor Development Program and to engage in individualized training from a mentoring coach. To extend Dr. Hahn's research to conduct interventions reduce the impact of alcohol on the HIV epidemic, she will obtain training in implementation science, a field that aims to maximize the impact of applying evidence-based interventions to new settings. She will examine existing public health infrastructure such as HIV prevention, testing and treatment programs as possible avenues for incorporating alcohol interventions such as screening and brief intervention (SBI). Lastly, Dr. Hahn proposes to conduct K24 supported alcohol research studies that will serve as training vehicles for mentees and expand her research. These studies, using biomarkers of alcohol consumption to supplement self-report, will be conducted using data from her ongoing NIH-funded cohort studies of persons with HIV in Uganda and young adult IDU in San Francisco to examine (1) factors associated with under-reported alcohol consumption and (2) factors associated with spontaneously reducing alcohol consumption. She will additionally conduct formative work to explore potential avenues of interventions relevant to these two diverse settings. In summary, this K24 will leverage Dr. Hahn's active research program with extensive infrastructure at UCSF to support a program of (1) expanded mentoring of U.S. and international mentees to address the global problem of alcohol consumption and its effects on the HIV epidemic, (2) mentor development via mentorship courses and coaching, and training in the area of implementation science, and (3) research to advance the goal of implementing effective interventions to reduce alcohol consumption by those with HIV and those at risk for HIV.