Infant Crying: Biological Bases, Developmental Consequences, and Clinical Issues

描述（由申请人提供）：哭泣是婴儿与照顾者沟通的主要手段，因此对婴儿的生存和幸福至关重要。然而，哭泣也会给亲子关系带来压力，使孩子处于危险之中。婴儿早期的过度哭闹是儿科医生最常见的抱怨，也是放弃母乳喂养的常见原因，也是婴儿虐待和摇晃婴儿综合症的最常见诱因。除了它在亲子动态的重要作用，婴儿哭泣作为临床医生的诊断工具。最近的研究表明，婴儿哭声的异常可能用于检测婴儿脑损伤和易患自闭症。婴儿啼哭对婴儿健康和亲子关系的发展具有重要意义，因此一直是研究的焦点。国际婴儿啼哭研讨会是每两到三年召开一次的科学会议，致力于从多学科的角度研究婴儿啼哭。来自不同领域的科学家聚集在一起，分享有关婴儿哭泣和健康的广泛主题的发现，包括：哭泣的诊断价值和预测婴儿结局的价值；哭泣如何受到父母照顾和其他环境因素的影响；婴儿啼哭、生理与情绪健康的关系照顾者的特征与哭泣的最佳反应、敏感反应和虐待反应的差异有关。自2011年上次会议以来，哭泣研究取得了实质性进展，例如，使用功能磁共振成像技术记录父母对哭泣的反应，并识别与自闭症相关的哭泣声音异常。下一次哭泣研讨会将于2014年7月7日至7月9日在英国沃里克举行。研讨会的主题是“婴儿啼哭：生物学基础、发育后果和临床问题”。研讨会将从不同的基础研究和应用/临床角度探讨婴儿哭泣，目的是将基础研究成果转化为有用的临床干预措施

DESCRIPTION (provided by applicant): Crying is the primary means through which an infant communicates with a caregiver and is therefore essential to infant survival and wellbeing. Crying, however, can also put a strain on parent-child relationships and place a child at risk. Excessive crying in early infancy is a common complaint brought to pediatricians, a frequent reason for giving up breastfeeding, and the most often cited trigger for infant abuse and Shaken Baby Syndrome. In addition to its important role in parent-child dynamics, infant crying serves as a diagnostic tool for clinicians. Recent research suggests that abnormalities in infant cry sounds may be used to detect infant brain injury and vulnerability for autism. Infant crying has been the focus of a great deal of research because of its centrality to infant health and the development of the parent-child bond. The International Infant Cry Workshop is a scientific meeting convened every two to three years devoted entirely to research on infant crying from multidisciplinary perspectives. Scientists from diverse fields gather to share findings on the a wide array of topics related to infant crying and health, including: crying's diagnostic value and value in predicting infant outcomes; how crying is affected by parental care and other environmental factors; relations between infant crying, physiology and emotional health; and characteristics of caregivers related to differences in optimal, sensitive and abusive responses to crying. There has been substantial progress in cry research since the last meeting in 2011, for example, using fMRI technology to document parents' responses to crying and identifying abnormalities in cry sounds associated with autism. The next cry workshop will be held in Warwick, England from July 7th through July 9th 2014. The theme of the workshop will be "Infant Crying: Biological Bases, Developmental Consequences, and Clinical Issues." The workshop will examine infant crying from different basic research and applied/clinical perspectives with the aim of translating basic research findings into useful clinical interventions and identifying best practices in infant health care. This conference is unique because it brings basic scientists and clinical researchers together in an intimate setting that is ideally suited fo suggesting new avenues of research and sparking effective collaborations. Funding from the NIH is being sought to underwrite the participation costs of three invited speakers who will greatly enrich the scientific program of the meeting.