P187 - MULTIPLY EXPOSED VAGINALLY, UNINFECTED MACAQUE MODEL

艾滋病毒疫苗和其他预防战略的开发依赖于在临床前研究中使用非人类灵长类动物，以推进有效的艾滋病候选疫苗的开发，并推进有效的局部杀微生物剂和其他预防方式或基于免疫的疗法的开发。NIAID猿类疫苗评估单位（SVEU）合同将提供主要支持艾滋病疫苗临床前评估的非人类灵长类动物资源。SVEUs开展研究，以支持各种研究人员正在开发的疫苗。这些研究补充了niaid支持的基础疫苗研究和疫苗评估研究，这些研究由R01（研究者发起的研究）拨款、HIVRAD（艾滋病毒疫苗研究和设计计划）拨款、IPCAVD（临床前-临床综合艾滋病疫苗开发）拨款和NHP联盟资助。SVEUs还对公司或其他研究人员提供的候选疫苗进行研究。暴露于人类免疫缺陷病毒-1 （HIV-1）并不总是导致感染。的确，有报告说，多次暴露于艾滋病毒血清阴性（HESN）的人仍未受到感染。到目前为止，只有一个决定因素被发现与保护有关，即在某些个体中存在CCR5Δ32基因。其他解释没有感染的因素还没有得到令人满意的证明。与hesn的发现一致，非人类灵长类动物多次受到猴免疫缺陷病毒（SIV）的攻击，但仍未被感染，这是常见的观察结果。因此，非人灵长类动物仍然是研究抵抗感染的潜在遗传和免疫因素的最佳模型。了解其机制并确定保护的相关性将对艾滋病毒传播产生重大影响。

The development of HIV vaccines and other prevention strategies relies on the use of nonhuman primates in preclinical studies to advance the development of effective AIDS vaccine candidates and to advance development of effective topical microbicides and other prevention modalities or immune-based therapies. The NIAID Simian Vaccine Evaluation Unit (SVEU) contracts shall provide nonhuman primate resources that primarily support preclinical evaluation of AIDS vaccines. The SVEUs conduct studies in support of vaccines being developed by a wide range of investigators. These studies complement NIAID-supported basic vaccine research and vaccine evaluation studies funded through R01 (investigator-initiated research) grants, HIVRAD (HIV Vaccine Research and Design Program) grants, IPCAVD (Integrated Preclinical-Clinical AIDS Vaccine Development) grants, and NHP Consortium awards. The SVEUs also perform studies of candidate vaccines offered by companies or other researchers. Exposure to the human Immunodeficiency virus -1 (HIV-1) does not always result in infection. Indeed there are reports of multiply, HIV-exposed seronegative (HESN) persons who remain uninfected. Thus far, only one determinant has been found to be associated with protection, the presence of the CCR5Δ32 gene in some individuals. Other factors to explain the lack of infection have not been satisfactorily demonstrated. Consistent with the finding of HESNs, nonhuman primates challenged multiple times with simian immunodeficiency virus (SIV), but remaining uninfected, are commonly observed. Therefore, the nonhuman primate continues to be the best model in which to examine potential genetic and immunologic factors that contribute to resistance of infection. Understanding the mechanism(s) and defining the correlate(s) of protection would have a major impact on HIV transmission.