Sexual Orientation Differences: Prevalence & Correlates of Substance Use & Abuse

说明(申请人提供)：以前的研究表明，与异性恋人口相比，性少数群体的饮酒、危险饮酒以及使用烟草和非法药物的比率更高，而且在性少数群体妇女(SMW)中，危险饮酒的差异尤其明显。与此同时，对SMW的抽样策略的依赖阻碍了对风险调节因素的研究，因为SMW的抽样策略在概括性(例如，主要是没有异性比较的志愿者样本)或更复杂的建模能力(SMW人数较少的总体样本)方面受到限制。这项拟议的研究回应了PA-12-111(LGBTI人群健康研究)，并解决了医学研究所(IOM)最近两份与性少数群体健康有关的报告中发现的差距。我们的具体目标包括：目标1：测试扩大稀有种群样本的创新方法和技术。1.1使用来自国家统计局概率样本的种子，使用受访者驱动抽样(RDS)，收集性少数群体妇女(n~1000人)的超额样本。1.2在过抽样和主要NAS的特征之间进行方法学比较。目的2：检查和比较性少数群体和异性恋人群物质使用的调节因素和调节因素。2.1使用SMW的超额抽样数据、SMW的补充调查数据和全国酒精调查的配对异性恋妇女，测试更复杂的模型，以了解少数性取向与药物使用之间关系的中介变量(例如，心理困扰)和调节变量(例如，社会支持、精神)。2.2通过对地理编码国家和法定最低工资的超额抽样的分析，包括当地态度和信仰(如宗教信仰和会众分布)与法律模式(如支持或禁止同性婚姻的政策)和最低工资中物质使用结果之间的可能关系，调查社区一级因素在性少数群体健康和福祉方面的作用。目的3：比较基于人群和志愿者的SMW样本的方法学研究。使用超额抽样(在目标1中收集)和国家统计数据(国家概率抽样)和CHLEW(受地理限制的非概率抽样)的定量数据，检查和比较法定最低限度妇女使用物质(危险饮酒、烟草使用和非法药物使用)的估计数和相关性。

DESCRIPTION (provided by applicant): Previous studies indicate that rates of alcohol consumption, hazardous drinking, and use of tobacco and illicit drugs are higher among sexual minorities compared to heterosexual populations, and that differences in hazardous drinking are particularly pronounced among sexual minority women (SMW). At the same time, research to on moderators of risk have been hampered by reliance on sampling strategies for SMW that are limited in generalizability (e.g., predominantly volunteer samples without heterosexual comparisons) or power for more complex modeling (population-based samples with small SMW numbers). The proposed study responds to PA-12-111 (Research on the Health of LGBTI Populations) and addresses gaps identified in two recent Institute of Medicine (IOM) reports related to sexual minority health. Our specific aims include: Aim 1: Test innovative methods and techniques for expanding samples of rare populations. 1.1 Collect an oversample of sexual minority women (n ~1000), using respondent-driven sampling (RDS) with seeds from the NAS probability sample. 1.2 Conduct methodological comparisons between characteristics of the oversample and the primary NAS. Aim 2: Examine and compare mediators and moderators of substance use in sexual minority compared to heterosexual populations. 2.1 Use data from an oversample of SMW, supplemental survey data from SMW and matched heterosexual women from the National Alcohol Surveys to test more complex models to understand mediators (e.g., psychological distress) and moderators (e.g., social support, spirituality) of the relationship between minority sexual orientation and substance use. 2.2 Investigate the role of community level factors in the health and well-being of sexual minorities through analyses of geo- coded NAS and the oversample of SMW, including possible relationships between local attitudes and beliefs (e.g., religiosity and congregational distribution) and legal patterns (e.g., policies supporting or prohibiting same-sex marriage) and substance use outcomes among SMW. Aim 3: Methodological study comparing population-based to volunteer samples of SMW. Use quantitative data from the oversample (collected in Aim 1) and NAS (a national probability sample) and the CHLEW (a geographically restricted non-probability sample) to examine and compare estimates and correlates of substance use (hazardous drinking, tobacco use and illicit drug use) among SMW.