Assessing the spatial heterogeneity in cardiovascular risk factors within and between blacks and whites

项目总结/摘要 我获得K 01奖的目标是成为一名独立的心血管研究人员， 空间统计学和疾病绘图方法，以及多学科研究团队的组成成员 致力于解决心血管疾病的差异。实现这些目标将需要有针对性的教学 培训和研究指导。 培训 拟议的职业发展和培训计划包括四个不同的组成部分： 和指导方法的发展和协作心血管研究，通过现场和 由心血管和社会流行病学家以及空间统计学家和GIS提供场外指导 专家;（2）旨在建立心血管和社会基础的结构化课程 与地理信息系统合作，开展流行病学和空间方法高级培训; (3)利用所获得的培训领导创新研究;（4）促进以下方面的思想交流： 通过出席会议和讲习班，提供统计和流行病学方面的资料。这些拟议的培训活动 将使我在心血管流行病学和心血管疾病差异方面打下良好的基础。 这些活动也将侧重于加深我对CVD的理解，使我能够合理地评估 在黑人和白人内部和之间的相关危险因素的空间异质性。 研究 这项拟议的工作将探讨环境因素和心血管健康（CVH） 在小区域局部尺度和区域尺度上随空间变化，重点关注CVH的空间变化 在CVH中，黑人和白人之间的差异以及黑人-白人差异的空间变化。通过结合一种新的健康 指标，CVH指数，与新的空间方法，这项拟议的工作将更好地表征 CVH的黑人和白人的地理异质性和黑白差异。我们的新统计 方法将应用于两个非常丰富和独特的队列，多种族的动脉粥样硬化研究（梅萨） 队列和卒中地理和种族差异的原因（REGARDS）队列。更大的目标 这项工作的一个重点是确定这些差异，为有针对性的干预措施提供证据，以改善 建筑环境。此外，我们的研究结果将有助于支持知情的卫生政策，以改善 黑人和白人的心血管健康。

PROJECT SUMMARY/ABSTRACT My goal for the K01 award is to establish myself as an independent cardiovascular researcher with expertise in spatial statistics and disease mapping methods and an integral member of multidisciplinary research teams devoted to addressing cardiovascular disparities. Attaining these objectives will require focused didactic training and research guidance. Training The proposed career development and training plan consists of four distinct components: (1) career guidance and mentoring in methodological development and collaborative cardiovascular research through on-site and off-site mentoring by cardiovascular and social epidemiologists as well as spatial statisticians and GIS specialists; (2) structured coursework designed at establishing a basic foundation in cardiovascular and social epidemiology and advanced training in spatial methods in collaboration with geographic information systems; (3) leading innovative research utilizing the gained training; and (4) contributing in the exchange of ideas in statistics and epidemiology through conference and workshop attendance. These proposed training activities will allow me to become well grounded in cardiovascular epidemiology and cardiovascular disease disparities. These activities will also focus on deepening my understanding of CVD, enabling me to reasonably assess the spatial heterogeneity in its associated risk factors within and between blacks and whites. Research The proposed work will explore the extent to which environmental factors and cardiovascular health (CVH) vary over space at a small-area local scale and at a regional scale with a focus on spatial variation in CVH among blacks and whites and spatial variation in black-white disparities in CVH. By combining a novel health indicator, the CVH index, with novel spatial methods, this proposed work will better characterize the geographic heterogeneity in CVH for blacks and whites and for black-white disparities. Our novel statistical methods will be applied to two very rich and unique cohorts, the Multi-Ethnic Study of Atherosclerosis (MESA) cohort and the REasons for Geographic and Racial Differences in Stroke (REGARDS) cohort. The larger goal of this work is to define these differences in a way that provides evidence for targeted interventions to improve the built environment. Additionally, our findings will help support informed health policies to improve the cardiovascular health of both blacks and whites.