Longitudinal Effects of Family Violence: Sibling Factors and Maternal Parenting

 描述(由申请人提供)：目前的研究旨在填补我们在以下方面的知识空白：亲密伴侣暴力暴露和虐待儿童对儿童社会情感行为的独特和综合影响，兄弟姐妹结构因素如何影响经历家庭暴力的儿童的社会情感结果，以及母亲的温暖是否可以缓冲家庭暴力对儿童社会情感结果发展的长期负面影响，同时考虑兄弟姐妹结构因素的影响。为此，将使用全国儿童和青少年幸福感调查(NSCAW-I)进行二次分析。本申请是对PA-10-064：NIH小型研究资助计划(家长R03)的响应。拟议的研究在两个方面对儿童健康和人类发展领域产生了有价值的影响。首先，它阐述了通过更好地了解适应过程中的异质性的性质以及可能解释社会-情绪结果的广泛差异的一些机制(即虐待儿童、兄弟姐妹结构因素和母亲的温暖)，促进接触IPV的儿童的最佳发展的主要目标。其次，这项研究也有助于NICHD的使命，即确保所有儿童在婴儿期、儿童期和青春期都有最佳的心理和行为成长和发展。这一贡献意义重大，因为它满足了确定儿童和家庭过程(即兄弟姐妹因素和母体温暖)的迫切需要，这些过程是保护性的，发生在家庭内部。本研究有四个具体目的：(1)调查和比较接触IPV的儿童随时间的社会情绪适应模式(即外化行为、内化行为和社交技能)；(2)确定IPV暴露与社会情绪适应模式之间的关系的强度和方向是否受到虐待(即忽视、身体和心理虐待)的影响；(3)调查兄弟姐妹结构性因素(即兄弟姐妹规模、出生顺序、性别星座)在经历家庭暴力的儿童中作为不同适应模式的潜在机制的作用；以及(4)确定母亲的温暖是否缓冲了经历家庭暴力的儿童的长期负面社会情感后果，同时考虑了兄弟姐妹结构性因素的影响。由于兄弟姐妹有共同的家庭环境，本研究将提高我们对兄弟姐妹结构因素的重要性的理解，并将为未来考察兄弟姐妹关系质量的研究提供基础。这项原创性研究将比横断面研究更深入地了解兄弟姐妹结构因素和母亲温暖的机制，有可能导致改进和有针对性的兄弟姐妹干预战略，以减少家庭暴力的负面发展后果。

 DESCRIPTION (provided by applicant): The current research is designed to fill some of the gaps in our knowledge about the unique and combined effects of intimate partner violence (IPV) exposure and child maltreatment on child social-emotional behavior, how sibling structural factors affect the social-emotional outcomes of children experiencing family violence, and whether maternal warmth may buffer the long-term negative effects of family violence on the development of children's social-emotional outcomes while accounting for influences of sibling structural factors. To accomplish this, a secondary analysis will be conducted using the National Survey of Child and Adolescent Well-Being (NSCAW-I). This application is in response to PA-10-064: NIH Small Research Grant Program (Parent R03). The proposed research impacts the field of child health and human development in two valuable ways. First, it addresses the primary goal of contributing to the optimal development of children who have been exposed to IPV by providing a better understanding of the nature of heterogeneity in adjustment, as well as some of the mechanisms (i.e., child maltreatment, sibling structural factors, and maternal warmth) that may account for the wide range of variability in social-emotional outcomes. Second, this research also contributes to the NICHD's mission of ensuring that all children have optimal mental and behavioral growth and development through infancy, childhood, and adolescence. This contribution is significant, because it addresses a critical need of identifying child and family processes (i.e., sibling factors and maternal warmth) that are protective and occurring within the family. This research has four specific aims: (1) to investigate and compare IPV exposed children's patterns of social-emotional adjustment (i.e., externalizing behavior, internalizing behavior, and social skills) over time; (2) to determine if the strength and directio of the relationship between IPV exposure and patterns of social-emotional adjustment are affected by maltreatment (i.e., neglect, physical and psychological abuse); (3) to investigate the role of sibling structural factors (i.e., sibship size, birth order, gender constellation) as potenial mechanisms that differ across these adjustment patterns in children experiencing family violence; and (4) to determine whether maternal warmth, buffers long- term negative social-emotional outcomes of children experiencing family violence while accounting for influences of sibling structural factors. Because siblings have a shared family environment, this research will improve our understanding of the importance of sibling structural factors and will offer a foundation for future research examining sibling relationship quality. This original research will provide greater insight into the mechanisms of sibling structural factors and maternal warmth than can be achieved with cross-sectional studies, potentially leading to improved and targeted sibling intervention strategies to reduce the negative developmental consequences of family violence.