A Multidimensional Neuroimaging Investigation of Posttraumatic Stress in Humans

项目摘要/摘要 来自代表性不足背景的神经科学家显著地退出了博士前项目 这一比例高于传统学生。这种自然减员对科学领域产生了不利影响，因为 在多样性方面，减少了技术、视角和创新合作的潜力 对科学发现来说是必要的。因此，当前提案的目标是建立一个强有力的 个人研究培训计划，以增加神经科学工作人员的多样性。具体地说，一个 结构化和正式的培训计划将补充申请人密集的学位论文研究 创伤后应激的神经生物学。美国每年有2500万人遭受创伤 然而，这些人中只有大约30%患上创伤后应激障碍(PTSD)。因此， 应激敏感性存在个体差异，这可能是由于应激后神经生物学的差异所致。 创伤应激。目前，创伤后应激对大脑的急性影响(即一个月内)并不是很好 明白了。确定外伤性窘迫对脑结构、功能和生化的影响 对于彻底了解应激障碍至关重要，这可以转化为有效的干预 和治疗方案。申请人在F99阶段的研究将利用人类神经成像 与健康和遭受创伤的人一起研究大脑的功能、结构和 生物化学因创伤后应激的严重程度而异。拟议的研究项目将于#年完成。 配合正式的培训计划。具体地说，F99阶段的培训将侧重于开发 具备1)MR方法/技巧，2)科学写作/演示，以及3)指导技能。这个 申请人的指导团队包括在这些领域提供正式培训的资深教职员工，如 以及关于特别敏感问题的直接指导(例如，自我效能、导航专业人员 互动等)为代表不足的少数族裔学者。导师团队在科学上多样化地抽签 来自心理学系的教员(David C.Knight博士--主要导师)、神经内科(Dr. 精神病学和行为神经生物学(Adrienne Lahti博士)和神经生物学(Farah博士 Lubin)。作为K00阶段的一部分，申请人打算将F99阶段的发现转化为临床 使用新的神经成像和神经调节技术的研究。本论文的研究方向是 重点关注1)通过先进/集成的神经成像技术预测创伤后应激障碍 2)通过神经调节技术预防应激障碍的发展。在培训期间 K00阶段将专注于培养1)创新研究方法、2)研究计划的能力 发展与管理；3)教学技巧。目前的申请将指导申请者通过 学术渠道，使他能够实现成为一名独立神经学家的目标。

PROJECT SUMMARY/ABSTRACT Neuroscientists from underrepresents backgrounds drop out of predoctoral programs at a significantly higher rate than traditional students. This attrition has a detrimental impact on the scientific field as decreases in diversity diminish the range of techniques, perspectives, and potential for innovative collaborations necessary for scientific discovery. Therefore, the objective of the current proposal is to institute a robust individual research training plan to increase the diversity of the neuroscientific workforce. Specifically, a structured and formal training plan will supplement the applicant’s intensive dissertation research on the neurobiology of post-traumatic stress. Each year 25 million people in the United States suffer a traumatic event, however only about 30% of these individuals develop Post-Traumatic Stress Disorder (PTSD). Thus, there is individual variability in stress susceptibility, which may be due to variability in the neurobiology of post- traumatic stress. Currently, the acute effect (i.e. within a month) of post-traumatic stress on the brain is not well understood. Determining the impact of trauma-induced distress on brain structure, function, and biochemistry is critical for a thorough understanding of stress disorder that can then be translated into effective intervention and treatment programs. The applicant’s research during the F99 phase will utilize human neuroimaging technology with healthy and traumatized individuals to investigate how brain function, structure, and biochemistry vary with post-traumatic stress severity. The proposed research project will be completed in conjunction with a formal training plan. Specifically, training during the F99 phase will focus on developing competency in 1) MR methods/techniques, 2) scientific writing/presentation, and 3) mentorship skills. The applicant’s mentorship team includes established faculty members to provide formal training in these areas, as well as direct mentorship regarding particularly sensitive issues (e.g., self-efficacy, navigating professional interactions, etc.) for underrepresented minority scholars. The mentorship team is scientifically diverse drawing from faculty within the Departments of Psychology (Dr. David C. Knight – Primary Mentor), Neurology (Dr. Jerzy Szaflarski), Psychiatry and Behavioral Neurobiology (Dr. Adrienne Lahti), and Neurobiology (Dr. Farah Lubin). As part of the K00 phase, the applicant intends to translate the findings from the F99 phase into clinical research using novel neuroimaging and neuromodulatory techniques. The research direction is intended to focus on 1) prediction of stress disorder following trauma via advanced/integrated neuroimaging techniques and 2) prevention of stress disorder development through neuromodulatory techniques. Training during the K00 phase will focus on developing competency in 1) novel research approaches, 2) research program development and management, and 3) teaching skills. The current application will guide the applicant through the academic pipeline and allow him to achieve his goal of becoming an independent neuroscientist.