Socioeconomic status, stress, and smoking cessation

项目总结/摘要 电子尼古丁输送系统（ENDS）的流行率在成人和青少年中急剧上升， 青少年和使用ENDS正在迅速成为一个主要的公共卫生问题。然而，由于他们最近 出现，研究人员对ENDS知之甚少，他们的使用，他们对人类生理和健康的影响， 风险和好处，或其对烟草控制工作的影响。研究ENDS的一个常见障碍是缺乏 关于客观的、真实的世界使用ENDS的数据。因此，拟议的项目旨在适应现有的创新移动的 通过提供移动的传感，可用于确定关键ENDS研究差距的评估工具 能够客观地收集关于在真实的世界中在真实的时间使用的ENDS的精确数据的技术。具体地说， 拟议的修订项目将通过以下方式扩大“轨道项目”（1R01CA190329 - 01A1，PI：Wetter）的范围： 扩展puffMarker的应用，puffMarker是一种现有的自动检测吸烟的工具， 使用结束。目前的项目有三个目标：1）调整和验证puffMarker来识别离散的 2）调整并验证puffMarker以区分吸烟和ENDS 在ENDS和香烟的双重用户之间使用，以及3）利用Project On Track协议来收集真实的时间， 真实的世界数据调查了ENDS使用的潜在决定因素，包括ENDS独家使用者以及 香烟和结束的双重使用者。总共有120名参与者（目标1 30人，目标2 30人，目标3 60人） 将被录取。为目标1和目标2招募的参与者将参加实验室（三个2小时的课程）和实地培训。 （3天）研究。在实验室环节，参与者将佩戴AutoSense无线传感器， 要求使用ENDS（目标1）或使用ENDS并吸烟（目标2）。参与者的结束和香烟 由独立观察员记录抽吸。在现场研究中，参与者将佩戴AutoSense 无线传感器，并被要求使用ENDS（目标1）或使用ENDS和吸烟（目标2）。参与者 将被要求记录每一个使用ENDS或在SP上吸烟的实例。实验室的目标 研究是收集数据来训练puffMarker识别ENDS的使用， 吸烟和使用结束。实地研究的目的是在现实生活中，自然环境中验证puffMarker。 Aim 3将利用Project On Track协议收集ENDS和Dual上的第一个真实的时间、真实的世界数据。 使用.将使用AutoSense、EMA和GPS对受试者进行为期6天的评估， 使用ENDS的决定因素。经验证的puffMarker，可检测ENDS的使用并区分ENDS 使用和吸烟可以加强对ENDS的许多研究领域。从目标3学到的知识将 对于制定关于ENDS使用和吸烟的全面概念模型至关重要 停止

PROJECT SUMMARY/ABSTRACT The prevalence of electronic nicotine delivery systems (ENDS) is rising dramatically among both adults and youth and ENDS use is fast becoming a major public health issue. However, because of their recent emergence, researchers know little about ENDS, their use, their effects on human physiology and health, their risks and benefits, or their impact on tobacco control efforts. A common barrier to studying ENDS is the lack of data on objective, real world use of ENDS. Thus, the proposed project aims to adapt existing innovative mobile assessment tools that can be used to target critical ENDS research gaps by providing mobile sensing technology that can objectively collect precise data regarding ENDS use in real time in real world. Specifically, the proposed revision project will expand the scope of Project On Track (1R01CA190329-01A1, PI: Wetter) by extending the application of puffMarker, an existing tool that automatically detects smoking, for the assessment of ENDS use. The current project has three aims: 1) adapt and validate puffMarker to identify discrete episodes of ENDS use, 2) adapt and validate puffMarker to distinguish between cigarette smoking and ENDS use among dual users of ENDS and cigarettes, and 3) utilize the Project On Track protocol to collect real time, real world data investigating potential determinants of ENDS use among both exclusive ENDS users as well as dual users of cigarettes and ENDS. Altogether, 120 participants (30 for Aim 1, 30 for Aim 2, and 60 for Aim 3) will be enrolled. Participants recruited for Aims 1 and 2 will attend laboratory (three 2-hour sessions) and field (3 days) studies. In the laboratory sessions, participants will wear the AutoSense wireless sensors and be asked to use ENDS (Aim 1) or use ENDS and smoke a cigarette (Aim 2). Participants' ENDS and cigarette puffs will be recorded by an independent observer. In the field studies, participants will wear the AutoSense wireless sensors and be asked to use ENDS (Aim 1) or use ENDS and smoke cigarettes (Aim 2). Participants will be asked to record each instance of ENDS use or cigarette smoking on a SP. The goals of the laboratory studies are to collect data to train puffMarker to identify ENDS use and to distinguish between cigarette smoking and ENDS use. The goal of the field studies is to validate puffMarker in real-life, natural environments. Aim 3 will utilize the Project On Track protocol to collect the first real time, real world data on ENDS and dual use. Participants will be assessed for 6 days using AutoSense, EMA, and GPS to examine potential determinants of ENDS use. A validated puffMarker that detects ENDS use and distinguishes between ENDS use and smoking can enhance many areas of research inquiry on ENDS. Knowledge learned from Aim 3 will be essential for the development of comprehensive conceptual models with respect to ENDS use and smoking cessation.