High-density markers of mother-infant bio-behavioral activity "in the wild": Developing a mobile-sensing paradigm to examine transmission of mental health risks

项目摘要 社会情绪发展的主要理论表明，自我调节的适应性模式反映了 积累了数以千计的个人日常痛苦经历。特别是，父母对监管的努力 他们的婴儿的痛苦被认为是发展自我调节技能的关键输入。影响因素 照顾，如照顾者的压力或情绪障碍，被认为限制了父母及早提供这种照顾的能力 支持。因此，早期出现的母婴互动模式被认为是一种重要的 精神健康风险从照顾者传递给孩子的机制。然而，经验主义 这些理论的证据很少，因为还不可能系统地捕捉到 在母亲和婴儿的日常活动中发生的痛苦。此外，大多数研究都不能理清 婴儿和母亲心理生物因素之间复杂的相互作用。例如，非常挑剔的婴儿 更有可能给父母带来压力和不堪重负，从而可能影响父母的监管努力和 潜在地加剧了他们自己早期的生物易感性。 需要捕获母亲和婴儿之间日常互动细节的数据集才能访问 形成精神病理风险的基本生物行为机制。在未来，如此丰富的数据集可能会 还为新出现的“及时”干预提供了基础，可以为母亲提供实时 在日常活动中给予支持和保证。从而推动发展领域的发展 这项提议将利用新兴的“可穿戴”或移动传感器技术来捕捉 在典型的日常生活中发生的婴儿窘迫事件和随后的产妇调节努力 婴儿及其母亲的活动。 该方案的研究目标是：1)开发一个能够自动检测的移动感知平台 参与者日常生活中与母婴窘迫相关的活动的详细标记，通过 一套同步的可穿戴式生理、音频和接近传感器，一旦经过验证，就可以使用这一功能 2)研究不良适应母婴相互作用的日常机制的平台 该计划的培训目标是1)使用最先进的计算工具发展我的专业知识，以 研究母婴在野外的活动，让我前所未有地接触到生物的动态过程-- 行为发展，以及2)为我提供机会，将我的工作与发展领域联系起来 精神变态学。因此，拟议的K01是我开发研究计划的关键一步，该计划可以 利用日常活动的丰富动力来支持理论驱动的临床创新。

Project Summary Major theories of socioemotional development suggest that adaptive patterns of self-regulation reflect the accumulation of thousands of individual daily experiences of distress. In particular, parents’ efforts to regulate their infants’ distress are thought to provide critical inputs to developing self-regulation skills. Factors affecting caregiving, such as caregiver stress or mood disorders, are thought to limit parents’ ability to provide this early support. Thus, early-emerging patterns of mother-infant interaction are theorized to be an important mechanism by which mental health risks are transmitted from caregivers to their children. However, empirical evidence for these theories are scarce, as it has not been possible to systematically capture episodes of distress as they occur in day-to-day mother and infant activity. Additionally, most studies cannot disentangle complex interactions between infant and maternal psychobiological factors. For example, highly fussy infants are more likely to stress and overwhelm their parents, thereby likely affecting parental regulation efforts and potentially exacerbating their own early biological predispositions. Datasets capturing the details of daily interactions between mothers and their infants are needed to access the basic bio-behavioral mechanisms of developing psychopathology risk. In the future, such rich datasets could also provide a foundation for emerging “just in time” interventions that could provide mothers with real-time support and reassurance during day-to-day activities. To thus advance the field of developmental psychopathology, this proposal will leverage emerging “wearable” or mobile-sensor technologies to capture episodes of infant distress and subsequent maternal regulation efforts as they occur in the typical day-to-day activities of infants and their mothers. The research aims of this proposal are 1) to develop a mobile-sensing platform that will automatically detect detailed markers of mother-infant distress-related activity as participants go about their daily lives, captured via a synchronized suite of “wearable” physiology, audio and proximity sensors, and once validated, to use this platform to 2) investigate the daily mechanisms of maladaptive mother-infant interaction dynamics The training goals of this proposal are to 1) develop my expertise with state-of-the art computational tools to study mother-infant activity in the “wild”, allowing me unprecedented access to the dynamic processes of bio- behavioral development, and 2) to provide me the opportunity bridge my work to the domain of developmental psychopathology. The proposed K01 is thus a key step in my goal to develop a research program that can harness the rich dynamics of day-to-day activity to support theoretically-driven clinical innovations.