Back to Basics: Addressing Childhood Obesity Through Traditional Foods in Alaska

Back to Basics是一项降低阿拉斯加原住民肥胖患病率的混合方法干预试验 通过增加营养密集型传统和非传统食品的消费比例，以及 减少含糖饮料(SSB)的消费。这项为期5年的干预试验的目标是0-5 一岁儿童与农村行动社区行动计划公司(RC)Head Start合作开展， 在阿拉斯加的12个农村社区，每个地点都有早期Head Start，和作为家长的教师计划 被分配到为期9个月的营养教育和膳食计划干预或标准教育和 每年重复一次的用餐计划。 阿拉斯加原住民曾经是完全靠陆地、河流和海洋生活的游牧民族，他们已经 经历了突然的营养转变，转向更多地消费商店购买的人造食品，以及 更久坐的生活方式。最近一项关于阿拉斯加西部阿拉斯加土著妇女饮食充分性的研究 发现传统食物只占卡路里的17%，但提供了34%的蛋白质，以及 不成比例的大量必需维生素和矿物质。SSB的消费量超过了任何 其他饮食项目，占卡路里的8%。 在过去的三十年里，儿童肥胖症已经成为一个严重的公共卫生问题， 在所有种族和民族中增加了三倍。西班牙裔和阿拉斯加的肥胖率最高 土著/美国印第安人(AN/AI)儿童和成人，其中41%的阿拉斯加土著儿童2-5岁 2009年超重或肥胖。大量证据表明，0-5岁儿童早期的肥胖是 这是青少年和成人肥胖发展的关键因素。肥胖，在儿童和成年时期，是一种 严重、直接和长期威胁生命的健康状况的主要风险因素，如葡萄糖 不耐受、高血压、糖尿病和癌症。 回归基础有一个前所未有的机会来吸收从过去学到的教训 研究(存储在门外)并建立在以前研究设计和干预的基础上(Hip-Hop to Health， (Jr.)实施有效干预，通过推广和重组改善饮食质量 在高危儿童及其家庭中使用传统食品。基于家庭的营养教育课程 和Head Start中心以传统食物为重点的餐饮服务，将作为 干预。如果有效，这一战略可以被其他Head Start计划调整和实施 该州进一步提高所有阿拉斯加原住民儿童的饮食质量。

Back to Basics is a mixed-methods intervention trial to reduce the prevalence of obese Alaska Native children by increasing the proportion of nutrient-dense traditional and non-traditional foods consumed, and decreasing consumption of sugar sweetened beverages (SSBs). This 5-year intervention trial targeting 0-5 year olds is conducted in partnership with Rural Action Community Action Program, Inc. (RC) Head Start, Early Head Start, and Parents as Teachers programs in 12 rural Alaskan communities, where each site is assigned to either a 9-month nutritional education and meal program intervention or a standard education and meal program repeating annually. Once a nomadic population that lived entirely off the land, river, and sea, Alaska Native people have experienced an abrupt nutritional shift towards greater consumption of store-bought manufactured foods and a more sedentary lifestyle. A recent study of dietary adequacy among Alaska Native women in western Alaska found that traditional foods accounted for only 17% of calories, but provided 34% of protein, as well as disproportionately large amounts of essential vitamins and minerals. SSBs were consumed more than any other dietary item and accounted for 8% of calories. Over the past three decades, childhood obesity has emerged as a serious public health problem, increasing three-fold across all races and ethnicities. Obesity is highest among Hispanic and Alaska Native/American Indian (AN/AI) children and adults, with 41% of Alaska Native children 2-5 years of age overweight or obese in 2009. Substantial evidence suggests that obesity in early childhood, ages 0-5 years, is a critical factor in the development of adolescent and adult obesity. Obesity, in childhood and adulthood, is a major risk factor for serious immediate and long-term life-threatening health conditions, such as glucose intolerance, hypertension, diabetes, and cancer. Back to Basics has an unprecedented opportunity to incorporate the lessons learned through past research (Store Outside Your Door) and build on previous study designs and interventions (Hip-Hop to Health, Jr.) in implementing an effective intervention to improve dietary quality through promotion and reincorporation of traditional foods in at-risk young children and their families. A home-based nutrition education curriculum and Head Start center-based meal service focused on traditional foods, will serve as the foundation of the intervention. If effective, this strategy can be adapted and implemented by other Head Start programs across the state to further improve diet quality of all Alaska Native children.