Investigating how intestinal innate immunity confers neuroprotection using C. elegans

1线粒体稳态是维持神经元健康和功能所必需的， 2失调在使特定神经系统脆弱方面起着重要作用。最近 我们发现p38丝裂原活化蛋白激酶（MAPK; 4哺乳动物p38α直系同源物）和CREB样转录因子ATF-7介导的先天性 5肠道免疫途径。elegans可以保护它的神经元免于退化 6由线粒体功能障碍引起。p38 MAPK/ATF-7的神经保护作用 7.肠道中激活的免疫力通过线粒体自噬的增强而发生， 8肠细胞中单独的p38 MAPK/ATF-7活性足以降低线粒体数量， 9不仅在肠细胞中，而且在神经元中。此外，我们实验室获得的初步数据 10表明，在C.线虫疾病相关错误折叠蛋白的外周增加， 11破坏先天免疫信号通路。因此，我们的中心假设是， 12衰老和蛋白质毒性诱导的免疫系统失调可以破坏 13启动或加重神经变性的神经元中的线粒体稳态。 14本研究的目的是确定p38 MAPK/ATF-7介导的 15先天免疫途径在C.线虫影响线粒体稳态 16个神经元为此，我们将： 17 18目的1：研究先天免疫反应在神经元维持中的作用 第19章我的错 目标2：确定肠道中影响神经元健康的免疫介质。 目的3：检查外周蛋白毒性抗原在破坏免疫信号传导中的作用， 22导致功能障碍的神经元线粒体的积累。 23 24我们的初步数据表明，先天免疫反应调节线粒体 25稳态以细胞非自主的方式进行，并且反过来可以被特异性抑制。 26种外周蛋白毒性抗原。因此，这些研究提供了一种新的可能性， 27免疫衰老是功能失调的线粒体积累的原因， 28可以提供新的见解蛋白质毒性的作用，在线粒体的调制 29稳态。

1 Mitochondrial homeostasis is required to maintain neuronal health and function, and its 2 dysregulation plays prominent roles in rendering specific neural systems vulnerable. Recently 3 we have found that the activation of the p38 mitogen-activated protein kinase (MAPK; the 4 mammalian p38α ortholog) and the CREB like transcription factor ATF-7-mediated innate 5 immune pathway in the intestine of C. elegans can protect its neurons from degeneration 6 induced by mitochondrial dysfunction. The neuroprotective effects of p38MAPK/ATF-7 7 immunity activated in the gut occurs through the enhancement of mitophagy, and 8 p38MAPK/ATF-7 activity in intestinal cells alone is sufficient to lower mitochondrial numbers, 9 not only in intestinal cells, but also in neurons. Moreover, preliminary data obtained in our lab 10 show that in C. elegans the peripheral increase in disease-related misfolded proteins can 11 disrupt innate immune signaling pathways. Our central hypothesis, therefore, is that 12 aging- and proteotoxicity-induced dysregulation of the immune system can disrupt 13 mitochondrial homeostasis in neurons initiating or aggravating neurodegeneration. 14 The objective of the proposed research is to determine how the p38MAPK/ATF-7-mediated 15 innate immune pathway activated in the gut in C. elegans affects mitochondrial homeostasis 16 in neurons. To do this, we will: 17 18 Aim 1: Examine the role of the innate immune response in the maintenance of neurons 19 upon Complex I dysfunction. 20 Aim 2: Identify the immune mediators in the gut that affect neuronal health. 21 Aim 3: Examine the role of peripheral proteotoxic antigens in disrupting immune signaling, 22 leading to the accumulation of dysfunctional neuronal mitochondria. 23 24 Our preliminary data show that the innate immune response modulates mitochondrial 25 homeostasis in a cell non-autonomous manner, and is in turn can be inhibited by specific 26 peripheral proteotoxic antigens. These studies therefore offer the novel possibility that 27 immunosenescence is responsible for the accumulation of dysfunctional mitochondria, and 28 could offer new insights into the role of proteotoxicity in the modulation of mitochondrial 29 homeostasis.