Diversity of the Mosquito Microbiota and its Influence on Pathogen Transmission

项目摘要-项目2：纪万昌，马修·梅德罗斯 蚊子的共生微生物群对宿主特征有普遍的影响，包括媒介蚊子的特征。 登革热病毒、基孔肯雅病毒和寨卡病毒等人类重要疾病。协调互动 蚊子及其微生物群之间的关系塑造了蚊子的新陈代谢、发育、繁殖力、生存和 免疫系统。这些对单个媒介的影响可能会扩大到影响传染性疾病的传播。 人口和社区层面的人类病原体。虽然蚊子微生物群已知 调节载体维持人类病原体传播的能力，这些因素有助于 蚊虫微生物群的组成和密度在不同媒介和媒介之间的差异 人口问题仍然没有得到很好的解决。这一提议的中心假设是：(I)环境， 生态和遗传力量驱动蚊子微生物区系的组装；(2)这些力量的差异 在时间和空间上，在各个载体之间产生微生物区系的变化；以及，(Iii)这种变化 在单个病媒之间进行扩展，以影响包括人类在内的宿主之间的疾病传播。为了测试这一点 假设，这项研究将在现场和对照中使用大量精心设计的实验 实验室环境。这些实验旨在阐明环境、生态和遗传因素的作用。 利用两种医学上重要的媒介库蚊的夏威夷种群来塑造蚊子微生物区系多样性 Ququiefasciatus和白纹伊蚊。此外，它还将调查这种多样性对 登革热传播，夏威夷最相关的蚊媒病原体。这项工作的预期结果 包括一个更好的模型，用于组装蚊子微生物群及其对病原体的累积影响 变速箱。最终，这项研究有望产生积极的翻译影响，告知 开发以微生物为基础的新战略，以减轻公共卫生关切的蚊媒疾病。

Project Summary – PROJECT 2: JI, Matthew Medeiros The symbiotic microbiota of mosquitoes has pervasive effects on host traits, including those of vectors of important human diseases like dengue virus, chikungunya virus, and Zika virus. Coordinated interactions between mosquitoes and their microbiota shape mosquito metabolism, development, fecundity, survival, and immune systems. These effects on individual vectors may scale to influence the transmission of infectious human pathogens at the population and community levels. While the mosquito microbiota is known to modulate the capacity of vectors to sustain human pathogen transmission, the factors that contribute to variation in the composition and density of the mosquito microbiota across individual vectors and vector populations remain poorly resolved. The central hypothesis of this proposal posits that (i) environmental, ecological, and genetic forces drive the assembly of the mosquito microbiota; (ii) differences in these forces over time and space produce variation in the microbiota between individual vectors; and, (iii) this variation between individual vectors scales to impact disease transmission among hosts, including humans. To test this hypothesis, this study will employ numerous carefully designed experiments in both field and controlled laboratory settings. These experiments aim to clarify the role of environmental, ecological, and genetic factors in shaping mosquito microbiota diversity using Hawaiian populations of two medically important vectors, Culex quinquefasciatus and Aedes albopictus. In addition, it will investigate the consequences of this diversity on dengue transmission, the most relevant mosquito-borne pathogen in Hawai`i. Expected outcomes of this work include a better model for the assembly of the mosquito microbiota and its cumulative impact on pathogen transmission. Ultimately, this study is expected to have a positive translational impact by informing the development of novel, microbe-based strategies to mitigate mosquito-borne diseases of public health concern.