Yale Macaque Brain Resource

项目摘要 非人灵长类动物（NHP）与人类亲缘关系较近， 大脑在理解结构、功能、发育和 人类大脑的病理学然而，许多障碍阻碍了NHP的研究，其中 这些都是重大的后勤、道德和财务负担。神经科学系 耶鲁大学收藏了一批独特的NHP猕猴脑组织，年龄从 从胚胎到成体，在帕斯科博士的实验室里， Rakic和已故的Patricia Goldman-Rakic博士该系列包括四个案例集幻灯片： (1)[3 H]胸腺嘧啶标记的连续切割的大脑用于细胞出生日期，（2）用氚标记的大脑 用于束追踪的氨基酸，（3）来自摘除和选择的皮质的猴的脑 病变，（4）和产前X射线照射和超声暴露处死猴的大脑 出生后第5个病例集由来自胎儿多个脑区的EM块组成， 出生后的猴子这笔赠款的目的是使这一独特的收藏成为国际性的收藏品。 研究资源（MacBrainResource），可供神经科学界随时使用 在逃为了做到这一点，我们建议（1）对收藏品进行清点和编目，（2） 通过重新盖片并在某些情况下重新染色，将载玻片恢复到最佳状态 他们，（3）通过邮件宣传资源，在神经科学学会的演讲 会议和我们的网站（MacBrainResource.org），以及（4）方便使用 MacBrainResource由外部调查人员在现场和远程传输高 分辨率图像通过互联网。MacBrainResource集合的值为 无法估量灵长类大脑研究不仅需要动物牺牲，而且非常昂贵。 使现有的NHP脑组织可用将避免昂贵的重复实验， 不必要的动物牺牲。随着寻找灵长类动物替代品的压力越来越大 MacBrainResource的建立将使世界各地的研究人员能够 进行灵长类动物研究而不需要牺牲一只新的动物。证据证明这 资源代表了一个可行的和有价值的替代从头灵长类动物研究来自 最近发表的几篇利用这种材料的论文（例如Duque等人，2011年; 2015年; 2016; Ratnanather等人2013; Selemon等人，2013年）以及材料需求 全世界的调查员。专职人员，适当的编目， 设备将确保这些载玻片和EM块为后代保存下来 神经科学家可以利用，也许使用尚未开发的方法。

PROJECT SUMMARY Because of its close phylogenetic relationship to the human, the non-human primate (NHP) brain holds enormous potential for understanding structure, function, development and pathology of the human brain. However, many obstacles impede studies of NHPs, among these, significant logistic, ethical, and financial burdens. The Department of Neuroscience at Yale houses a unique collection of brain tissue from NHP macaques, ranging in age from embryonic to adult, which was generated over four decades, in the laboratories of Dr. Pasko Rakic and the late Dr. Patricia Goldman-Rakic. The collection includes four Case Sets of slides: (1) [3H]thymidine-labeled serially cut brains for cell birth dating, (2) brains labeled with tritiated amino acids for tract tracing, (3) brains from monkeys with enucleations and selected cortical lesions, (4) and brains from prenatally X-irradiated and ultrasound-exposed monkeys sacrificed postnatally. A 5th Case Set is comprised of EM blocks from multiple brain regions of fetal and postnatal monkeys. The objective of this grant is to make this unique collection an international research resource (MacBrainResource) that is readily available to the neuroscience community at-large. To accomplish this, we propose (1) to inventory and catalogue the collection, (2) to restore the slides to optimal condition by re-coverslipping and in some instances re-staining them, (3) to publicize the resource via mailings, presentations at the Society for Neuroscience meetings and our website (MacBrainResource.org), and (4) to facilitate use of MacBrainResource by outside investigators both on site and remotely by transmission of high resolution images via the internet. The value of the MacBrainResource collection is immeasurable. Primate brain research not only requires animal sacrifice but is very expensive. Making existing NHP brain tissue available will avoid costly duplication of experiments and unnecessary sacrifice of animals. With increasing pressure to find alternatives to primate research, establishment of the MacBrainResource would allow researchers worldwide to conduct primate studies without the need to sacrifice a single new animal. Proof that this resource represents a viable and valuable alternative for de novo primate research comes from the publication of several recent papers that utilized this material (e.g. Duque at al., 2011; 2015; 2016; Ratnanather et al. 2013; Selemon et al., 2013) as well as demand for material from investigators all over that world. Dedicated personnel, proper cataloguing, and adequate equipment would ensure that these slides and EM blocks are preserved for future generations of neuroscientists to exploit, perhaps using methods not yet developed.