Defining Mechanisms of Ovarian Rescue
Defining Mechanisms of Ovarian Rescue
批准号:
9922135
负责人:
Blanche Capel
金额:
$32.71万
依托单位:
依托单位国家:
美国
项目类别:
财政年份:
2017
资助国家:
美国
项目状态:
已结题
起止时间:
2017-07-06 至 2022-04-30
关键词:
AcuteAddressAdultAftercareApoptosisBiologyBirthBlood VesselsCell DeathCellsClinicalContralateralDNA DamageEndothelial CellsEndotheliumEpithelialEpitheliumEquilibriumFamilyFeedbackFemaleFertilityGoalsGraft EnhancementsGrowing FollicleGrowthHistologyHomeostasisHumanImmuneInfertilityInjuryKnowledgeLGR5 geneLeadLongevityMenopauseMethodsModelingMusNeonatalNeuronsOrganOutcomeOvarianOvarian FollicleOvaryOvulationPatientsPharmaceutical PreparationsPlayPopulationPremature Ovarian FailurePrimordial FollicleQuality of lifeRecoveryReporterRepressionRoleSideSignal TransductionSourceSurfaceSystemTestingTissuesWomanWomen&aposs Healthbody systemburnoutchemotherapydesignearly onsetexhaustionexperimental studyfetalgenetic approachgranulosa cellimprovedmacrophagemouse modelmullerian-inhibiting hormoneneurotransmissionnovelnovel therapeuticsoutcome forecastparacrinepreservationprogenitorpupregenerativerepairedstem cellstherapy designyoung woman
中文摘要
许多器官在受损后没有能力进行广泛的修复,尤其是在已知的修复机制下,这些修复机制无法在临床上充分利用。
相比之下,尽管卵巢激素对提高人类生育力和妇女的身体健康至关重要,但仍有许多人这样认为。
它的基本生物学的一些重要方面,包括它对卵巢修复的能力,人们还知之甚少。例如,卵巢癌。
长寿并不取决于卵泡的供应能力,而是如何在静止的卵泡和发育中的卵泡之间取得平衡。
卵泡是受调控的,还没有完全确定。同样,它也是最近被发现的,是成年人和胎儿之间的关系。
颗粒细胞可以在独立的发育阶段从LGR5+的祖细胞分化而来,在新生儿卵巢表面的上皮细胞中出现。
(OSE)--但这些LGR5+干细胞是否能更新成人卵泡还不得而知。最后,在许多器官,血管,。
神经元、神经和免疫调节细胞在卵巢修复中发挥着至关重要的作用,但它们在卵巢中的主要功能尚未完全发挥。
研究。我们最近开发了一种新的体外化疗(CTX)小鼠模型--诱导不孕不育。
早产儿卵巢功能衰竭(POF)。令人惊讶的是,当我们将正常卵巢组织的一小段移植到一个正常的卵巢组织--CTX--
在接下来的5个月里,经过处理的雌性幼崽和移植的雌性幼崽产下了多窝幼崽,其中包括来自正常幼崽的幼崽。
从供体和供体两方面来看,组织学检查显示,移植的卵巢只有一例被抢救成功,而移植的供体则无一例死亡。
对侧卵巢退行性变,卵泡全部丢失。这些实验表明,卵巢是完全可以挽救的。
在CTX从一个正常的卵巢发出信号后,这个项目的主要目标是如何更好地表征这个项目。
在接受CTX治疗后,所有卵泡的潜在损失都是由机制决定的,以确定一个小的卵泡移植如何从一个健康的卵泡移植。
卵巢移植拯救了宿主的器官移植系统。我们的实验旨在测试三种选择,一种或一种。
相辅相成的是救援机制。首先,初步的评估结果表明,它正在迅速解决颗粒细胞的分裂问题。
细胞存在于生长中的卵泡中,而不是卵母细胞中,这表明它们是DNA的主要靶点--破坏新的化疗药物。
在第一个目标中,我们将测试在生长中的卵泡中颗粒细胞的减少是否会导致静止的卵泡的去抑制。
颗粒细胞聚集在原始卵泡中,导致储备卵泡的耗竭,或称为“卵泡烧毁”,以及是否发生。
来自移植物的信号将阻止这种细胞枯竭。在目标2中,我们将继续测试LGR5+细胞是否会对此做出反应。
移植后的损伤可能会导致新的颗粒细胞的生长,而CTX可能不会干扰这种再生能力的发挥。
来自移植物的信号可能不会促进它。在目标3中,我们将测试移植物是否增强了来自神经的信号。
血管、血液或血液免疫细胞研究表明,它们可以促进创伤后的修复。这些结果可能会导致人们寻找新的治疗方法,并在未来发生变化。
从不同的死因来看,接受POF治疗的女性的预后较差。
英文摘要
Many organs are capable of extensive repair after damage, by known mechanisms that can be exploited clinically.
By contrast, in spite of the central importance of the ovary for human fertility and women’s health, many
important aspects of its basic biology, including its capacity for repair, are poorly understood. For example, ovarian
longevity is dependent on the supply of follicles, but how the balance between quiescent versus developing
follicles is regulated has not yet been determined. Likewise, it was recently discovered that adult and fetal
granulosa cells arise at independent stages from LGR5+ progenitors in the neonatal ovarian surface epithelium
(OSE) -‐ but whether these LGR5+ cells can renew adult follicles is not known. Finally, in many organs, vascular,
neuronal, and immune cells play critical roles in repair, but their functions in the ovary have not been fully
investigated. We recently developed a novel murine model of chemotherapy (CTx)-‐induced infertility and
premature ovarian failure (POF). Surprisingly, when we grafted a fragment of a normal ovary to one ovary of a CTx-‐
treated female, grafted females produced multiple litters over the next 5 months, containing normal pups derived
from both the host and the donor. Histology revealed that only the grafted ovary was rescued, while the
contralateral side degenerated and all follicles were lost. These experiments show that the ovary can be rescued
after CTx through signals from a normal ovary. The primary goals of this project are to characterize the
mechanisms underlying the loss of all follicles after CTx, and to determine how a small graft from a healthy
ovary rescues the host organ system. Our experiments are designed to test three alternative, or
complementary, mechanisms of rescue. First, preliminary results suggest that it is the rapidly dividing granulosa
cells in growing follicles, and not oocytes, that are the primary target of DNA-‐damaging chemotherapeutic drugs.
In Aim 1 we will test whether the loss of granulosa cells in growing follicles leads to de-‐repression of quiescent
granulosa cells in primordial follicles, resulting in exhaustion of the reserve pool or “follicle burn out”, and whether
signals from the graft block this depletion. In Aim 2, we will test whether LGR5+ cells in the OSE respond to
damage and give rise to new granulosa cells after grafting. CTx may interfere with this regenerative activity while
signals from the graft may promote it. In Aim 3, we will test whether the graft enhances signals from neural,
vascular, or immune cells that can promote repair after injury. Results may lead to new therapies and change the
prognosis for women undergoing POF from different causes.
期刊论文(0)
专著(0)
科研奖励(0)
会议论文
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Opposing Pathways in Mammalian Sex Determination
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财政年份:2009
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依托单位:
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批准号:7933170
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资助金额:$15.61万
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依托单位:
Fourth Symposium Biology Vertebrate Sex Determination
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批准号:7114212
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资助金额:$1.4万
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财政年份:2006
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依托单位:
Training Program in Developmental & Stem Cell Biology
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批准号:9279509
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资助金额:$37.38万
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依托单位:
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批准号:8494642
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资助金额:$35.38万
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依托单位:
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批准号:6390426
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资助金额:$19.38万
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依托单位:
Organ-specific Mechanisms of Vascular Development
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批准号:7006072
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资助金额:$22.56万
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依托单位:
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依托单位:
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依托单位:
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资助金额:$19.37万
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财政年份:1999
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依托单位:
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海外基金