Software tool for routine, rapid, patient-specific CT organ dose estimation

项目总结 美国每年进行的大约7600万次计算机断层扫描是 负责通过医疗程序传递的电离辐射的一半。对随机癌症的担忧 风险和最近的过量用药事件导致增加了辐射剂量监测和强制剂量 在几个州进行报道。这项提议解决的问题是，当前的剂量报告指标量化了 给塑料圆柱体的剂量或给体模模型的剂量，而不是给特定器官的剂量 有耐心的。许多国家和国际报告指出，个人器官剂量最相关。 应报告的指标。现有的自动化工具不能对患者的解剖结构进行建模，并且有40% 一些报告病例的器官剂量误差。该项目将开发一个自动化软件工具，以提供 准确、快速和个性化地报告患者器官受到的辐射剂量的新功能 作为每次CT扫描的一部分。 该项目将利用放射学和放射肿瘤学领域的专业知识来开发创新的 算法将提供个性化CT器官剂量估计的新能力，用于扫描仪 以及复杂的解剖结构。为了实现项目目标，波尔兹曼输运方程的快速解算器将是 针对CT成像进行了优化，扩展到扫描仪复杂性模型，并对照黄金标准进行了验证 模拟和体模实验。将开发基于图集的自动分割算法， 经过验证，并与新的方法相结合，以稳健地估计器官剂量。完整的剂量估算工具 将在500个儿科CT数据集的研究中得到验证，这将提供关于 儿科CT剂量在临床应用中的大小和变化由此产生的器官剂量数据库将被建立 作为临床和技术研究的资源向公众开放。 拟议的软件工具的预期影响是：(1)患者特定的器官剂量和剂量图 合并到电子医疗记录中，以获得个性化的剂量报告。(2)个性化剂量最小化 当与动态滤波器和自适应管电流调制相结合时。(3)协议数据库 基于精确剂量估计的器官剂量和癌症发病率的优化和流行病学研究 这量化了整个人群中器官剂量的变化。

PROJECT SUMMARY The approximately 76 million Computed Tomography (CT) scans performed in the U.S. each year are responsible for half the ionizing radiation delivered by medical procedures. Concern about stochastic cancer risks and recent overdosing incidents has led to increased radiation dose monitoring and mandated dose reporting in several states. The problem addressed by this proposal is that current dose reporting metrics quantify the dose delivered to a plastic cylinder or dose to a phantom model, not the dose to the organs of a specific patient. Numerous national and international reports have identified individual organ dose as the most relevant metric that should be reported. Existing automated tools do not model the patient's anatomy and have >40% organ dose error for some reported cases. This project will develop an automated software tool to provide the new capability of accurate, rapid, and personalized reporting of the radiation dose delivered to a patient's organs as part of every CT scan. This project will leverage expertise from the radiology and radiation oncology fields to develop innovative algorithms that will provide the new capability of personalized CT organ dose estimates that account for scanner and anatomical complexities. To achieve the project aims, a rapid Boltzmann Transport Equation solver will be optimized for CT imaging, expanded to model scanner complexities, and validated against gold-standard simulations and phantom experiments. Automated atlas-based segmentation algorithms will be developed, validated, and combined with novel methods to robustly estimate organ dose. The complete dose estimation tool will be validated in a study of 500 pediatric CT datasets, which will provide valuable information about the magnitude and variation of pediatric CT dose in clinical practice. The resulting organ-dose database will be made publically available as a resource for clinical and technical research. The expected impact of the proposed software tool is: (1) Patient-specific organ doses and dose maps incorporated into electronic medical records for personalized dose reports. (2) Personalized dose minimization when combined with dynamic filters and adaptive tube current modulation. (3) Databases for protocol optimization and epidemiological studies of organ dose and cancer incidence based on accurate dose estimates that quantify the variation in organ dose across the population.