Predicting Alcohol Use and Alcohol Use Disorder Symptoms from Subjective Responses to Alcohol in a Laboratory Social Setting

项目摘要/摘要 拟议的项目是一名新的和早期的调查员为R01提交的新申请(资金 商机公告PAR-16-260)。 绝大多数的酒精使用发生在社交场合，但几乎所有的人类实验 研究人员曾单独给个人注射酒精。这项研究背景抑制了关于 酒精刺激，增加积极情绪，减少负面情绪，使人不可能 测量酒精的许多主观上令人愉快的社会影响，这些影响增加了饮酒的风险 使用障碍(AUD)(例如，社交能力增强、社交焦虑降低)。值得注意的是，到目前为止，实验室 单独对酒精的主观反应(SRA)仅占4%至6% 未来AUD症状的差异。这项拟议中的研究将是第一次检查酒精的影响。 在一些领域的社交团体中，假设是为了调节酒精使用，并测试 这些反应可以更好地预测AUD症状的发展。此外，这项研究将是第一次 使用生态瞬时评估(EMA)检查中等真实世界的饮酒体验 方法为了评估实验室SRA如何转化为实验室外的风险过程。 384名酗酒者(50%为女性，年龄在21-25岁之间)将被分成128个三组- 人员组。每组所有成员均应饮用超过36分钟的中等剂量酒精(男性： 0.82g/kg；女性：0.74g/kg)或安慰剂饮料；SRA和社会奖励(例如，社会纽带)将 使用跨多个响应系统的广泛测量进行评估(例如，自我报告， 微笑和说话模式的观察测量)。饮酒行为，SRA，和急性酒精- 相关问题将在随后的三次EMA突发期间在日常生活中进行评估，以及AUD症状 将在基线和12个月的随访时进行评估。 我们预测，饮酒的参与者将经历更多的刺激/积极的情绪， 渴望和社会回报(例如，社会纽带)以及较少的镇静、负面情绪和社交不适 在血液酒精曲线的上升部分，通过多个反应系统测量，而不是那些 喝安慰剂。此外，我们预测这些基于实验室的SRA和社会奖励指数将是 临床上有意义--也就是，我们预计他们将前瞻性地预测SRA，更多的酒精使用， 日常生活中与酒精相关的急性问题更多，12个月后随访时更多AUD症状。 最后，我们预测，日常生活中的SRA将中介实验室SRA与AUD之间的联系 症状。我们还将测试有AUD风险的个人(例如，由于个性、遗传)是否 在实验室和日常生活中对酒精的影响特别敏感，以及这是否预示着 随着时间的推移，酒精的使用和更多的AUD症状的发展。这项工作，通过开发一个 预测真实世界酒精反应和AUD风险的实验室社交饮酒范例可以作为 下一代模型，用于识别基于实验室的未来AUD症状的预测因素。

Project Summary/Abstract The proposed project is a new submission by a New and Early Stage Investigator for an R01 (Funding Opportunity Announcement PAR-16-260). The vast majority of alcohol use takes place in social settings, yet nearly all human experimental research has administered alcohol to individuals in isolation. This research setting dampens reports of alcohol stimulation, increased positive affect, and decreased negative affect, and it makes it impossible to measure many of the subjectively pleasant social effects of alcohol that confer increased risk for alcohol use disorder (AUD) (e.g., increased sociability, decreased social anxiety). Notably, to date, laboratory subjective responses to alcohol (SRA) in isolation have accounted for between just 4% and 6% of the variance in future AUD symptoms. The proposed study will be the first to examine the effects of alcohol in social groups across a number of domains hypothesized to mediate alcohol use, and to test whether these responses can better predict the development of AUD symptoms. Further, this study will be the first to examine intermediate real-world drinking experiences using ecological momentary assessment (EMA) methods in order to evaluate how lab-based SRA translate to risk processes outside of the laboratory. Three-hundred-eighty-four heavy drinkers (50% female; aged 21-25) will be assembled into 128 three- person groups. All members of each group will drink over 36-min a moderate dose of alcohol (males: 0.82 g/kg; females: 0.74 g/kg) or a placebo beverage; SRA and social reward (e.g., social bonding) will be assessed using a broad range of measures across multiple response systems (e.g., self-reports, observational measures of smiling and speech patterns). Drinking behavior, SRA, and acute alcohol- related problems will be assessed in daily life during three subsequent EMA bursts, and AUD symptoms will be assessed at baseline and at 12-month follow-up. We predict that participants drinking alcohol will experience more stimulation/positive affect, craving, and social reward (e.g., social bonding) and less sedation, negative affect, and social discomfort on the ascending limb of the blood alcohol curve, measured across multiple response systems, than those drinking placebo. Further, we predict that these lab-based SRA and social reward indices will be clinically meaningful—that is, we expect that they will prospectively predict SRA, heavier alcohol use, and more acute alcohol-related problems in daily life, and more AUD symptoms at 12-month follow-up. Finally, we predict that SRA in daily life will mediate the link between laboratory SRA and AUD symptoms. We will also test whether individuals at risk for AUD (e.g., due to personality, genetics) are especially sensitive to alcohol's effects in the lab and in daily life and whether this predicts heavier alcohol use and the development of more AUD symptoms over time. This work, by developing a laboratory social drinking paradigm that predicts real-world alcohol responses and AUD risk, can serve as the next generation model for identifying lab-based predictors for future AUD symptoms.