Preventing Suicide in African American Adolescents

摘要 这项拨款申请的目的是测试一所适应文化的学校的有效性- 本土拉什大学社会工作者提供的基于自杀的预防干预 (即“干预性社会工作者”)，适用于资源贫乏的城市非裔美国人九年级 学生们。年，非洲裔美国青年的自杀率大幅上升 在过去的20年里，自杀目前是非洲人的主要死亡原因之一 美国青少年。因此，需要有效、可持续的预防。 针对这些人群的干预措施。我们的研究将培训干预性社会工作者提供 适应文化的循证应对压力预防干预措施(即 青少年应对压力课程[A-CWS])。城市非裔美国青少年 参加了A-CWS的人表现出自杀风险的降低，以及 焦虑的减少和适应性应对的几个维度的增加(即使用 问题体验、积极思考、抑郁应对的积极应对策略 功效)。我们的目的是证明原住民干预社会工作者可以实施 A-CWS与忠诚度和土著促进的干预小组的参与者 干预社会工作者经历了适应性应对水平的增加。我们将研究 人际因素(例如，归属感受挫、感觉到的负担) 和社会生态因素(即社区暴力暴露、有限的邻里 资源、家庭动态)会影响积极的自杀意念。我们将测试这些因素是否 影响非裔美国青少年积极的自杀意念。最后，我们的研究将检查 A-CWS干预降低低资源城市人群自杀风险的机制 非裔美国青少年。我们将考察适应能力，应对技能，收获 通过参与A-CWS干预，增加希望，减少绝望。我们 然后，我将考察希望和绝望对 人际和社会生态因素对积极自杀意念的影响。这项翻译研究 对公众健康有影响。它将扩大对变化机制的理解 与降低城市非裔美国青少年的自杀风险有关。它将测试一个修改后的 城市非裔美国青少年自杀的人际关系理论版本。最后， 我们的研究将为培训和监测土著精神卫生专业人员提供信息 为城市非裔美国青少年提供循证预防干预措施； 因此，我们的研究将为预防干预的可持续性和 传播。

Abstract The aim of this grant application is to test the effectiveness of a culturally-adapted, school- based suicide prevention intervention, delivered by indigenous Rush University social workers (i.e., “intervention social workers”), for low-resourced, urban, African American 9th grade students. Rates of suicide among African American youth have increased substantially in the past 20 years, and suicide is currently one of the leading causes of death among African American adolescents. As such, there is a need for effective, sustainable prevention interventions for these populations. Our study will train intervention social workers to deliver a culturally-adapted, evidence-based coping with stress prevention intervention (i.e., the Adolescent Coping with Stress Course [A-CWS]). Urban African American adolescents who have participated in the A-CWS have demonstrated decreases in suicide risk, as well as decreases in anxiety and increases in several dimensions of adaptive coping (i.e., use of positive coping strategies for problem experiences, positive thinking, depression coping self- efficacy). We aim to demonstrate that indigenous intervention social workers can implement the A-CWS with fidelity and that participants in intervention groups facilitated by indigenous intervention social workers experience increases in levels of adaptive coping. We will examine the extent that interpersonal factors (i.e., thwarted belongingness, perceived burdensomeness) and socio-ecological factors (i.e., community violence exposure, limited neighborhood resources, family dynamics) influence active suicidal ideation. We will test whether these factors influence active suicidal ideation in African American adolescents. Lastly, our study will examine the mechanism by which the A-CWS intervention reduces suicide risk for low-resourced, urban African American adolescents. We will examine the ability of adaptive coping skills, gained through participation in the A-CWS intervention, increase hope and reduce hopelessness. We will then examine the moderating effects of hope and hopelessness on the influence of interpersonal and socio-ecological factors on active suicidal ideation. This translational study has public health implications. It will expand the understanding of mechanisms of change related to suicide risk reduction in urban African American adolescents. It will test a modified version of the Interpersonal Theory of Suicide for urban African American adolescents. Lastly, our study will inform the training and monitoring of indigenous mental health professionals to deliver evidence-based prevention interventions for urban African American adolescents; as such, our study will inform the practice of prevention intervention sustainability and dissemination.