Coordinating Research on Emerging Arboviral Threats Encompassing the Neotropics (CREATE-NEO)

摘要 新热带地区新出现的虫媒病毒威胁的协调研究(CREATE-NEO) 网络为中美洲和南美洲的监控点提供了灵活的网络， 预测和对抗新出现的人畜共患病和虫媒病毒的尖端建模方法。创建- NEO警告当地、区域和全球公共卫生机构注意人畜共患病和虫媒病毒 特别高的溢出风险，出现人与人之间的传播，和/或国际传播。这个 家长赠款1U01 AI151807支持在出现人畜共患病的典型情况下进行Create-neo手术 和虫媒病毒的活动。自2020年以来，我们在当地建立了发现、预测和应对这种情况的能力 在事件的起源点，从而最大限度地发挥避免全面出现的潜力。批判性活动 包括：(1)对登革热进行基因组监测，进行深度测序和全面的系统发育分析 巴西圣何塞-里约普雷托(SJdRP)的病毒；(2)巴西的媒介和非人类灵长类监测和 巴拿马；和(3)人感染寨卡、登革热和伊尔赫斯病毒病例的特征 脑血管和脑炎事件。随着新冠肺炎疫情的爆发，我们扩大了活动 包括：(4)人类SARS-CoV-2和登革病毒混合感染病例的特征；(5)监测 (Vi)支持对SARS-CoV-2变异株的基因组监测。 (7)支持巴拿马和巴西虫媒病毒传播的临床监测。 因此，SARS-CoV-2的出现和迅速传播为我们迅速改变方向的能力提供了一个例子 资源，以应对任何新出现的人畜共患病或病媒传播的疾病。这份U01增刊将继续并 扩大这些应急活动，支持美国国立卫生研究院资助的SARS-CoV-2等国际研究 通过以下与父母资助的最初目标相关的补充活动。我们将扩大我们的 SJDRP和巴拿马SARS-CoV-2变异株的基因组监测能力。我们将对这两种情况进行描述 通过使用Illumina技术的深度测序实现主机间和主机内的多样性，并执行 利用SARS-COV-2全基因组序列推测SARS-COV-2毒株的模式 病毒传播，并告知有关传播性和临床结果变异的假设(目标2e)。

ABSTRACT The Coordinating Research on Emerging Arboviral Threats Encompassing the Neotropics (CREATE-NEO) network provides a nimble and flexible network of surveillance sites in Central and South America coupled to cutting-edge modeling approaches to anticipate and counter emerging zoonoses and arboviruses. CREATE- NEO forewarns local, regional, and global public health agencies of zoonoses and arboviruses that pose particularly high risk of spillover, emergence into transmission among humans, and/or international spread. The parent grant 1U01 AI151807 supports CREATE-NEO operations during typical conditions of emerging zoonoses and arbovirus activity. Since, 2020 we have built local capacity to detect, predict and respond to such emergence events at their point of origin, thereby maximizing the potential to avert full-blown emergence. Critical activities included: (i) genomic surveillance with deep sequencing and comprehensive phylogenetic analyses of dengue virus in Sao Jose do Rio Preto (SJdRP), Brazil; (ii) vector and non-human primate surveillance in Brazil and Panama; and (iii) characterization of human cases of Zika, dengue and Ilheus virus infections associated with cerebrovascular and encephalitic events. With the onset of the COVID-19 pandemic, we expanded our activities to include: (iv) characterization of human cases of SARS-CoV-2 and dengue virus coinfection; (v) surveillance of NHPs for potential spillback of SARS-CoV-2; (vi) supporting genomic surveillance of SARS-CoV-2 variants in SJdRP and Panama; and (vii) supporting clinical surveillance of arbovirus circulation in Panama and Brazil. Thus, the emergence and rapid spread of SARs-CoV-2 offers an example of our capacity to quickly redirect resources to address any emerging zoonotic or vector-borne diseases. This U01 supplement will continue and expand these emergency activities in support of NIH-funded and other international research on SARS-CoV-2 through the following supplemental activities related to the parent grant’s original aims. We will expand our genomic surveillance capabilities of SARS-CoV-2 variants in SJdRP and Panama. We will characterize both between-host and within-host diversity through deep sequencing using Illumina technologies and perform comprehensive phylogenetic studies using complete genomic sequences of SARS-COV-2 to infer patterns of virus spread and to inform hypotheses regarding variation in transmissibility and clinical outcomes (Aim 2e).