Gradient-Echo Spectroscopic Imaging Study of Saturated Fat and Breast Cancer

项目总结 脂肪在乳腺癌发展和生长中的作用已被广泛研究，使用体重指数， 在一些流行病学研究中，衡量全身脂肪和饮食脂肪摄入量的指标。然而， 在个体层面上，很少有研究评估乳房脂肪本身在乳腺癌中的作用，这是由于 缺乏一种无创、快速的检测方法。由于乳腺纤维腺细胞被 乳房脂肪细胞，乳房脂肪的特性可能与乳腺癌有较强的关系 发展，最近的研究表明大多数乳腺癌是在界面上发展起来的 纤维腺组织和脂肪组织之间。然而，研究乳房脂肪的作用并不是微不足道的，主要是 由于缺乏对重要特征足够敏感的非侵入性和快速测量方法 乳房脂肪，如脂肪的种类。 最近，我们开发了一种快速MRI方法，称为梯度回波光谱成像(GSI)， 目的：测量临床乳腺核磁共振检查中的脂肪酸组成。GSI可提供饱和脂肪图谱和 乳房脂肪组织中的不饱和脂肪，而不进行组织活检。我们的初步研究发现， 患有侵袭性乳腺癌的绝经后妇女，称为浸润性导管癌，有一种 她们乳房脂肪组织中饱和脂肪的百分比显著高于绝经后妇女 只有良性病变。 这项研究的首要目标是确定饱和脂肪酸在乳腺癌发生中的作用。 和增长。在这项提案中，我们计划使用GSI在体内无创性地测量饱和脂肪 接受诊断性乳腺MRI检查的绝经后妇女的乳房脂肪组织(目标1和2)或 MRI引导下的活检扫描(AIM 3)。我们的中心假设是：(I)乳房饱和脂肪酸含量 通过GSI测量与乳房和(Ii)乳房中存在恶性病变有关 饱和脂肪酸与乳房脂肪组织中的炎症呈正相关，这可能导致 增加脂肪细胞中雌激素的产生。 这项拟议的研究将评估乳房饱和脂肪是否是乳腺癌的独立风险因素， 以及它是否能为目前的临床诊断检查提供额外的诊断信息。此外, 建议的乳房饱和脂肪成像测量可以用来评估任何干预措施的有效性。 减少乳房脂肪组织中与癌症相关的炎症，并研究脂肪的可能作用 酸成分在乳腺癌预防和临床治疗中的作用。

PROJECT SUMMARY The role of fat in breast cancer development and growth has been studied extensively using body mass index, a measure of whole body fatness, and dietary fat intake in a number of epidemiological studies. However, there is a paucity of studies, on an individual level, to assess the role of breast fat itself in breast cancer due to lack of a non-invasive and fast measurement method. Since breast fibroglandular cells are surrounded by breast fat cells, the characteristics of breast fat may have a stronger relationship with breast cancer development, as supported by recent studies showing that a majority of breast cancer develops at the interface between fibroglandular tissue and adipose tissue. However, it is not trivial to study the role of breast fat, mainly due to the lack of a non-invasive and fast measurement method sensitive enough to important features of breast fat, such as types of fat. Recently, we have developed a rapid MRI method, referred to as Gradient-echo Spectroscopic Imaging (GSI), to measure fatty acid composition during clinical breast MRI exams. GSI can provide map of saturated fat and unsaturated fats in the breast adipose tissue without performing tissue biopsy. Our pilot study found that the postmenopausal women with aggressive breast cancer, known as invasive ductal carcinoma, have a significantly higher percentage of saturated fat in their breast adipose tissue than the postmenopausal women with only benign lesions. The overarching goal of this study is to determine the role of saturated fatty acid in breast cancer development and growth. In this proposal, we plan to use GSI for non-invasive in vivo measurement of saturated fat in the breast adipose tissue of postmenopausal women who undergo diagnostic breast MRI exams (Aims 1 and 2) or MRI-guided biopsy scans (Aim 3). Our central hypotheses are that (i) the breast saturated fatty acid fraction measured by GSI is associated with the presence of malignant lesions in the breast and (ii) the breast saturated fatty acid fraction correlates positively with inflammation in the breast adipose tissue that may lead to increase in estrogen production in adipocytes. The proposed study will evaluate whether breast saturated fat is an independent risk factor for breast cancer, and whether it can provide additional diagnostic information to current clinical diagnostic exams. In addition, the proposed imaging measure of breast saturated fat can be used to assess the efficacy of any intervention to reduce cancer-related inflammation in the breast adipose tissue and to investigate the possible role of fatty acid composition in prevention and clinical management of breast cancer.