Creating Innovative Vaccine Messaging by Engaging in Patient-Centered Design with Non-Vaccinating Older Adults

项目总结/摘要 候选人：亚伦谢勒，博士是一个社会心理学家谁利用从心理科学的见解 创建创新的预防性医疗保健干预措施，主要针对影响50岁以上成年人的健康风险。 博士谢勒的长期职业目标是成为一名独立的研究者，领导多学科的研究。 研究团队设计和评估创新的，以患者为中心的干预措施，以优化 为中老年人提供和利用预防性保健服务。 研究背景：与免疫功能和慢性疾病相关的免疫功能变化， 次优流感疫苗接种率（50%）导致≥ 50岁的成人占50，000人的95% 每年都有流感相关的死亡。不幸的是，疫苗宣传策略， 组织目前用来增加疫苗摄取的方法是无效的，在某些情况下， 疫苗态度恶化。满足心理需求的动机，如管理威胁，减少 不确定性和实现社会目标可能会使人们处理疫苗相关信息和疫苗的方式发生偏差 结果。“动机匹配”，与破坏成人疫苗吸收的动机相一致，可能是一个更重要的因素。 行为改变的有效机制，以目标与疫苗干预比目前的方法。 具体目标：1）确定哪些动机与成人疫苗接种结果有最强的关联 年龄≥ 50岁; 2）与年龄≥ 50岁的疫苗犹豫成年人合作，创建流感疫苗信息， 具有动机匹配; 3）进行试点研究以评估疫苗消息传递功效研究的可行性。 研究计划：为了实现这些目标，谢勒博士将使用一个全国性的，人口统计学上多样化的在线 年龄≥ 50岁的成年人样本，以确定与疫苗接种最密切相关的四种动机（即， 最大效应量），并测试衡量这些动机的量表是否需要疫苗- 特定.然后，他将与年龄≥ 50岁的疫苗犹豫成年人合作开发和测试流感疫苗 针对四个动机中的每一个的消息。最后，他将对临床人群进行试点研究， 评估对动机匹配疫苗信息进行计划的有效性研究的可行性。 职业发展计划：谢勒博士将发展1）衰老过程中的基本内容知识 从事老龄化研究，并在2）心理测量学专业知识; 3）以病人为中心的设计;和4）健康 研究对象为50岁以上的成年人。谢勒博士的培训目标将得到密切的指导 从一个跨学科的团队;先进的教学课程;和其他职业发展机会。 环境：爱荷华州大学为谢勒博士提供了一个理想的环境， 知名专家的指导，咨询委员会的额外指导，以及部门 致力于他长期成功地成为健康老龄化研究的独立研究者。

PROJECT SUMMARY/ABSTRACT Candidate: Aaron Scherer, PhD is a social psychologist who utilizes insights from the psychological sciences to create innovative preventive healthcare interventions, primarily for health risks that affect adults aged ≥50. Dr. Scherer’s long-term career objective is to become an independent investigator leading multidisciplinary research teams in the design and evaluation of innovative, patient-centered interventions to optimize the delivery and utilization of preventive health services for middle-aged and older adults. Research Context: Age-associated changes in immune function and chronic conditions coupled with suboptimal influenza vaccination rates (50%) result in adults aged ≥50 accounting for 95% of the 50,000 influenza-associated deaths that occur every year. Unfortunately, vaccine messaging strategies that health organizations currently utilize to increase vaccine uptake have been ineffective and, in some cases have worsened vaccine attitudes. Motivations to satisfy psychological needs such as managing threats, reducing uncertainty, and achieve social goals may bias how people process vaccine-related information and vaccine outcomes. “Motivational fit”, an alignment with a motive that undermines adult vaccine uptake, may be a more effective mechanism of behavior change to target with vaccine interventions than current approaches. Specific Aims: 1) Identify which motives have the strongest associations with vaccine outcomes for adults aged ≥50; 2) Collaborate with vaccine-hesitant adults aged ≥50 to create influenza vaccine messages that have motivational fit; 3) Conduct a pilot study to evaluate the feasibility of a vaccine messaging efficacy study. Research Plan: To accomplish these aims, Dr. Scherer will use a national, demographically-diverse online sample of adults aged ≥50 to identify four motives that are most strongly associated with vaccine uptake (i.e., largest effect sizes) for adults aged ≥50 and test whether scales measuring these motives need to be vaccine- specific. He will then collaborate with vaccine-hesitant adults aged ≥50 to develop and test influenza vaccine messages targeting each of the four motives. Finally, he will conduct a pilot study with a clinical population to evaluate the feasibility of conducting planned efficacy studies of the motivational fit vaccine messages. Career Development Plan: Dr. Scherer will develop 1) foundational content knowledge in the aging process to engage in aging research, and expertise in 2) psychometrics; 3) patient-centered design; and 4) health services research with adults aged ≥50. Dr. Scherer’s training goals will be supported by close mentorship from an interdisciplinary team; advanced didactic coursework; and other career development opportunities. Environment: The University of Iowa offers an ideal environment for Dr. Scherer to pursue his training; with mentorship from well-established experts, additional guidance from an advisory committee, and a department dedicated to his long-term success in becoming an independent investigator in healthy aging research.