Neural Mechanisms of Song vs Speech Production: Insights from Aphasia and Intracranial Recording

项目摘要/摘要 尽管对语言的神经机制进行了广泛的探索，但并没有确凿的解释 为什么在某些失语症患者中，通过歌曲表达的语言比通过语言表达的要少。至 为了研究这一现象，目前的研究采取了一种创新的方法来检查大脑如何 通过歌曲而非言语来表达语言。我们将定义行为模式以及结构和 歌唱的功能神经解剖学，合并来自两个不同患者队列和两个不同患者的证据 方法：30例卒中后失语患者和植入电极的神经外科患者。 (n=20)。这两组人将在同一组语音和语言任务上进行测试，但处理方式不同 要求：运动语音、单词提取和句子启动任务。每项任务都将以两种口语形式呈现 并唱出了情态。在失语症参与者中，我们将分析错误模式并检查受损的神经 在神经外科队列中，分析将发生变化 每项任务背后的时间动态和活动地点。行为和损伤的新组合 失语症患者与神经外科患者的脑电分析 为歌唱的行为和神经机制提供独特的见解。 我们将首先确定口语的哪些方面在歌曲中比在言语中表达得更流畅 失语症患者有不同的损害特征。其次，我们将确定哪些灰质结构 纤维通路支持在歌曲中发出声音的能力。对比幸存和受损的大脑 会唱歌的人和不会唱歌的人之间的区域将勾勒出左半球的区域 这对宋词的制作至关重要。确定两组之间唯一备用的光纤路径 将提供更多关于哪些结构连接支持SUND和AUDLE语音产生的信息。 第三，我们将确定口语和歌唱的宽带高频神经活动(HFA；70-150赫兹) 语言生产。我们将使用神经外科患者的iEEG记录，并比较神经功能的差异 当他们完成同样的三个演讲和语言任务时，他们在唱歌和说的过程中进行活动。这将是 通过检查右半球区域和 涉及口语和宋语生产的区域之间的半球内和半球间的交流。 总体而言，这两种方法的新颖组合在研究歌曲和语音产生时使用了相同的 一套以前从未完成过的演讲和语言任务，将为 这两个系统之间的分离，勾勒出不同的行为模式、神经机制和时间 动力学。这对卒中的靶向言语和语言治疗具有重要的临床意义 幸存者以及其他有语言输出缺陷的临床人群。

Project Summary/Abstract Despite extensive exploration into the neural mechanisms of language, there is no conclusive explanation for why language expression through song is spared relative to speech in certain individuals with aphasia. To investigate this phenomenon, the current study takes an innovative approach in examining how the brain expresses language through song versus speech. We will define behavioral patterns and the structural and functional neuroanatomy of singing, merging evidence from two distinct patient cohorts and two different methodologies: individuals with post-stroke aphasia (n=30), and neurosurgical patients with implanted electrodes (n=20). Both cohorts will be tested on the same set of speech and language tasks with different processing demands: motor speech, word retrieval, and a sentence priming task. Each task will be presented in both spoken and sung modalities. In participants with aphasia, we will analyze error patterns and inspect damaged neural structures associated with specific performance profiles, while in the neurosurgical cohort, the analysis will shift to temporal dynamics and sites of activity underlying each task. The novel combination of behavioral and lesion analysis in people with aphasia and intracranial electroencephalography (iEEG) in neurosurgical patients will provide unique insights into the behavioral and neural mechanisms of singing. We will first determine which aspects of spoken language are expressed more fluently in song than in speech by people with aphasia with different profiles of impairment. Second, we will identify which gray matter structures and fiber pathways support the ability to produce utterances in song. Contrasting spared and damaged brain areas between those who do better with singing and those who do not will outline regions in the left hemisphere that are critical for sung speech production. Identifying fiber pathways uniquely spared between the two groups will provide further information about which structural connections support sung vs. spoken speech production. Third, we will determine the broadband high-frequency neural activity (HFA; 70-150 Hz) of spoken versus sung language production. We will use iEEG recordings from neurosurgical patients and compare differences in neural activity during singing and speaking as they complete the same three speech and language tasks. This will complement the previous lesion and tractography analyses by also examining right hemisphere regions and intra- and interhemispheric communication between regions involved in spoken and sung language production. Overall, the novel combination of these two methods for investigating song vs speech production using the same set of speech and language tasks has never been accomplished before and will shed new light on the dissociation between these two systems, outlining distinct behavioral patterns, neural mechanisms, and temporal dynamics. The clinical implications are considerable for targeted speech and language therapy for stroke survivors as well as other clinical populations who have language production deficits.