Addressing structural racism to reduce racial disparities in youth firearm injuries

项目总结 杰伊博士的长期职业目标是成为一名领先的独立调查员，他的研究有助于 消除枪支暴力方面的种族/族裔差异，重点是居住在城市的青年。枪械最多 暴力事件发生在城市，黑人青年发生暴力的可能性是黑人的20倍，西班牙裔青年发生暴力的可能性是黑人的4.4倍 可能比18-24岁的非西班牙裔白人青年被枪杀的可能性更大。杰博士的首要目标是 研究项目是确定减少#年青年枪伤方面种族/族裔差异的最佳战略 城市。具体地说，这款K01测试了青年枪伤的差异是否可以通过支持 有两个相关干预措施的个人方案：(A)取消种族隔离政策，即改变公共政策 减少社区之间的种族隔离，以及(B)实物投资，即改善已建成的 被撤资地区的环境。杰伊博士将评估撤资是一条将种族隔离与 青年枪伤差异(目标1)；在#年与种族/少数民族青年进行参与性测绘 马萨诸塞州波士顿，确定新的实物投资目标(目标2)；测试可能的干预策略 在计算机模拟的环境中确定哪些策略可以最大限度地减少青年人数 在现实预算限制范围内的火器伤害差异(目标3)。 这项拟议的研究建立在杰伊博士之前关于基于地点的暴力干预研究的基础上 在青年枪伤和计算流行病学方面的预防和博士后培训。他将继续追查 以下K01培训目标为他为拟议的研究和职业目标做好准备：(1) 结构性种族主义和歧视是健康差距的驱动因素；(2)社区参与的研究；(3) 计算机模拟建模；(4)经济评价。杰伊博士组建了一个导师团队，由 他的主要导师，波士顿大学学院社区健康科学教授艾米丽·罗斯曼博士 公共卫生部(BUSPH)。共同导师包括社会和行为科学主席大卫·威廉姆斯博士 哈佛大学公共卫生学院(HSPH)；梅丽莎·特雷西博士，副教授 纽约州立大学奥尔巴尼分校流行病学和生物统计学；Ankur Pandya博士，卫生决策副教授 HSPH的科学。顾问是北京理工大学院长桑德罗·加利亚博士和罗伯特·A·诺克斯教授。 哥伦比亚大学梅尔曼公共卫生学院流行病学系主任查尔斯·布拉纳斯说。资源 在BUSPH提供的，加上Jay博士指导团队的专业知识，将确保Jay博士的成功 完成研究和培训目标，并发展成为一名独立调查员。

PROJECT SUMMARY Dr. Jay’s long-term career goal is to become a leading independent investigator whose research contributes to the elimination of racial/ethnic disparities in firearm violence, with a focus on city-dwelling youth. Most firearm violence occurs in cities, where Black youth are 20 times more likely, and Hispanic youth are 4.4 times more likely, to be fatally shot than non-Hispanic White youth at ages 18-24. The overarching goal of Dr. Jay’s research project is to identify optimal strategies for reducing racial/ethnic disparities in youth firearm injuries in cities. Specifically, this K01 tests whether disparities in youth firearm injuries can be reduced by bolstering individual-level programs with two related interventions: (a) Desegregation policies, i.e., changing public policy to decrease racial segregation across neighborhoods, and (b) Physical investments, i.e., improving the built environment in disinvested areas. Dr. Jay will assess disinvestment as a pathway linking segregation with youth firearm injury disparities (Aim 1); conduct participatory mapping with racial/ethnic minority youth in Boston, MA to identify novel targets for physical investments (Aim 2); and test possible intervention strategies in a computer-simulated environment to determine which strategies produce the greatest reductions in youth firearm injury disparities, within realistic budgetary constraints (Aim 3). The proposed research builds upon Dr. Jay’s prior research on place-based interventions for violence prevention and his postdoctoral training in youth firearm injury and computational epidemiology. He will pursue the following K01 training goals to prepare him for the proposed research and for his career goals: (1) Structural racism and discrimination as drivers of health disparities; (2) Community-engaged research; (3) Computer simulation modeling; and (4) Economic evaluation. Dr. Jay has assembled a mentorship team led by his primary mentor, Dr. Emily Rothman, Professor of Community Health Sciences at Boston University School of Public Health (BUSPH). Co-mentors include Dr. David Williams, the Chair of Social and Behavioral Sciences at the Harvard T.H. Chan School of Public Health (HSPH); Dr. Melissa Tracy, Associate Professor of Epidemiology and Biostatistics at SUNY-Albany; Dr. Ankur Pandya, Associate Professor of Health Decision Science at HSPH. Advisors are Dr. Sandro Galea, the Dean and Robert A. Knox Professor at BUSPH and Dr. Charles Branas, the Chair of Epidemiology at the Columbia Mailman School of Public Health. The resources available at BUSPH, coupled with the expertise of Dr. Jay’s mentorship team, will ensure Dr. Jay’s successful completion of the research and training aims and his development as an independent investigator.