High-Speed High-Sensitivity Detector for X-ray Micro-Crystallography at GM/CA@APS

项目摘要 GM/CA@APS运营着两条非常成功的波动光束线，作为国家用户设施 先进光子源(APS)的大分子结晶学。GM/CA小组制定了 并在微晶学领域运营世界领先的光束线，提供用户可选的“最小光束” 尺寸小至5m，适用于所有样品。使用户能够快速、可靠地更改光束大小 在没有工作人员参与的情况下按需优化给定项目的梁尺寸导致了 实验实践中的彻底改变。用于微晶学的硬件与 JBluIce用户界面中的复杂软件工具。基本工具包括栅格以查找微 复杂支架中的晶体或识别较大的非均匀样品的最佳衍射区， 沿棒状晶体分布剂量的螺旋数据采集和来自 粘性喷流或固定目标。因此，GM/CA光束线被超额认购 越来越多的调查人员对NIH资助的结构项目提出了挑战。 我们即将开始一个激动人心的新阶段。我们的愿景是提供最高分辨率的数据 可以通过结构生物学中的挑战性问题来实现，这些问题往往会产生微小的、微弱的绕射 水晶。APS将于2023年4月关闭。存储环将升级(APS-U)第4个 产生多弯消色差体储存环，使X射线亮度提高两到三个数量级 大小取决于X射线能量。在为2024年4月APS-U启动做准备时，新的 23ID-D上安装了调焦光学元件。新的反射镜将把APS-U源聚焦到光束上，因为 小到~5微米，和新的复合折射透镜将提供强度~1微米的光束。 将APS-U光源和新的光学技术结合起来，对结构生物学来说是改变游戏规则的机会。 然而，光束线23ID-D有一个Pilatus3 6M探测器，当APS-U启动时，它将使用10年 出现故障，必须更换。为了实现我们的愿景，我们建议购买一台Eiger2 XE 16M CdTe 德克瑞斯公司的探测器--新一代高速、高计数率、高量子探测器 探测能量为6-35keV的X射线的效率。

Project Summary GM/CA @ APS operates two highly successful undulator beamlines as a national user facility for macromolecular crystallography at the Advanced Photon Source (APS). The GM/CA group develops and operates world-leading beamlines in micro-crystallography, offering user-selectable “min-beam” sizes down to 5 m for all samples. Giving users the ability to change beam size rapidly, reliably, and on-demand without staff involvement to optimize the beam size for a given project has led to a sweeping change in experimental practice. The hardware for micro-crystallography is coupled with sophisticated software tools in the JBluIce user interface. Essential tools include rastering to find micro- crystals in complex mounts or to identify the best diffracting regions of larger inhomogeneous samples, helical data collection to distribute dose along rod-shaped crystals and serial data collection from viscous jets or fixed targets. Consequently, the GM/CA beamlines are oversubscribed due to the high demand by a growing number of investigators with challenging NIH-funded structural projects. We are about to embark on an exciting new phase. Our vision is to provide the highest resolution data achievable from challenging problems in structural biology that tend to yield tiny, weakly diffracting crystals. The APS will shut down in April of 2023. The storage ring will be upgraded (APS-U) with a 4th generation multi-bend achromat storage ring, increasing the X-ray brightness by two to three orders of magnitude depending on the X-ray energy. In preparation for the APS-U start-up in April 2024, new focusing optics were installed on 23ID-D. The new mirrors will focus the APS-U source to a beam as small as ~5-microns, and new Compound Refractive Lenses will provide an intense ~1-micron beam. Combining the APS-U source and the new optics is a game-changing opportunity for structural biology. However, beamline 23ID-D has a Pilatus3 6M detector that will be ten years old when the APS-U starts up and must be replaced. To realize our vision, we propose to purchase an Eiger2 XE 16M CdTe detector from Dectris, AG, a next-generation high-speed, high count rate detector with high quantum efficiency for the detection of X-rays with energies from 6 – 35 keV.