Addressing structural racism to reduce racial disparities in youth firearm injuries

项目摘要 博士杰伊的长期职业目标是成为一名领先的独立调查员，其研究有助于 消除火器暴力方面的种族/族裔差异，重点是城市青年。大多数火器 暴力发生在城市，黑人青年的可能性是城市的20倍，西班牙裔青年的可能性是城市的4.4倍。 比非西班牙裔白色青年在18-24岁时更有可能被枪杀。杰博士的首要目标是 研究项目是确定减少青年火器伤害的种族/民族差异的最佳策略， 城市具体来说，这个K 01测试是否可以通过支持减少青少年火器伤害的差异， 个人一级的方案，有两个相关的干预措施：（a）废除隔离政策，即，改变公共政策 减少社区之间的种族隔离，以及（B）实物投资，即，改善已建成的 在投资不足的地区。杰伊博士将评估撤资作为一种途径连接隔离与 青年火器伤害差异（目标1）;与种族/少数民族青年一起进行参与性绘图， 马萨诸塞州波士顿，以确定实物投资的新目标（目标2）;并测试可能的干预战略 在计算机模拟的环境中，以确定哪些策略可以最大限度地减少年轻人的数量， 在现实的预算限制范围内实现火器伤害差异（目标3）。 拟议的研究建立在杰伊博士先前对暴力行为的基于场所的干预研究的基础上 预防和他在青年火器伤害和计算流行病学的博士后培训。他要追赶 以下K 01培训目标，以准备他的拟议研究和他的职业目标：（1） 结构性种族主义和歧视是健康差距的驱动因素;（2）社区参与的研究;（3） 计算机仿真建模;（4）经济评价。杰伊博士组建了一个导师团队， 他的主要导师，艾米丽罗斯曼博士，波士顿大学学院社区健康科学教授 公共卫生（BUSPH）。共同导师包括社会和行为科学主席大卫威廉姆斯博士 在哈佛T. H.陈公共卫生学院（HSPH）;梅丽莎特雷西博士，副教授 纽约州立大学奥尔巴尼分校的流行病学和生物统计学;健康决策副教授Ankur Pandya博士 科学在HSPH。顾问是桑德罗Galea博士，院长和罗伯特A。BUSPH的诺克斯教授和博士。 哥伦比亚梅尔曼公共卫生学院流行病学主席查尔斯·布拉纳斯说。的资源 在BUSPH可用，再加上杰伊博士的导师团队的专业知识，将确保杰伊博士的成功 完成研究和培训目标，并发展为独立调查员。

PROJECT SUMMARY Dr. Jay’s long-term career goal is to become a leading independent investigator whose research contributes to the elimination of racial/ethnic disparities in firearm violence, with a focus on city-dwelling youth. Most firearm violence occurs in cities, where Black youth are 20 times more likely, and Hispanic youth are 4.4 times more likely, to be fatally shot than non-Hispanic White youth at ages 18-24. The overarching goal of Dr. Jay’s research project is to identify optimal strategies for reducing racial/ethnic disparities in youth firearm injuries in cities. Specifically, this K01 tests whether disparities in youth firearm injuries can be reduced by bolstering individual-level programs with two related interventions: (a) Desegregation policies, i.e., changing public policy to decrease racial segregation across neighborhoods, and (b) Physical investments, i.e., improving the built environment in disinvested areas. Dr. Jay will assess disinvestment as a pathway linking segregation with youth firearm injury disparities (Aim 1); conduct participatory mapping with racial/ethnic minority youth in Boston, MA to identify novel targets for physical investments (Aim 2); and test possible intervention strategies in a computer-simulated environment to determine which strategies produce the greatest reductions in youth firearm injury disparities, within realistic budgetary constraints (Aim 3). The proposed research builds upon Dr. Jay’s prior research on place-based interventions for violence prevention and his postdoctoral training in youth firearm injury and computational epidemiology. He will pursue the following K01 training goals to prepare him for the proposed research and for his career goals: (1) Structural racism and discrimination as drivers of health disparities; (2) Community-engaged research; (3) Computer simulation modeling; and (4) Economic evaluation. Dr. Jay has assembled a mentorship team led by his primary mentor, Dr. Emily Rothman, Professor of Community Health Sciences at Boston University School of Public Health (BUSPH). Co-mentors include Dr. David Williams, the Chair of Social and Behavioral Sciences at the Harvard T.H. Chan School of Public Health (HSPH); Dr. Melissa Tracy, Associate Professor of Epidemiology and Biostatistics at SUNY-Albany; Dr. Ankur Pandya, Associate Professor of Health Decision Science at HSPH. Advisors are Dr. Sandro Galea, the Dean and Robert A. Knox Professor at BUSPH and Dr. Charles Branas, the Chair of Epidemiology at the Columbia Mailman School of Public Health. The resources available at BUSPH, coupled with the expertise of Dr. Jay’s mentorship team, will ensure Dr. Jay’s successful completion of the research and training aims and his development as an independent investigator.