R-loop-induced DNA damage during immunoglobulin class switch recombination
R-loop-induced DNA damage during immunoglobulin class switch recombination
批准号:
10673639
负责人:
Jacqueline Barlow
金额:
$31.4万
依托单位国家:
美国
项目类别:
财政年份:
2019
资助国家:
美国
项目状态:
已结题
起止时间:
2019-08-05 至 2024-07-31
关键词:
AntibodiesAutomobile DrivingB-LymphocytesBiologyCell physiologyCellsCellular biologyChromatinChromosome Fragile SitesCollaborationsComplexDNADNA DamageDNA Double Strand BreakDNA RepairDNA Repair GeneDNA Repair PathwayDNA Sequence RearrangementDefectDevelopmentDissectionEnzymesEventExcisionFrequenciesG22P1 geneGene RearrangementGenerationsGenetic ProcessesGenetic TranscriptionGenomic InstabilityGenomicsGoalsHeavy-Chain ImmunoglobulinsHumanHybridsIGH@ gene clusterImmunoglobulin Class SwitchingImmunoglobulin Switch RecombinationImmunoglobulinsLigaseLocationLymphocyteLymphomagenesisMalignant NeoplasmsMalignant lymphoid neoplasmMapsMediatingMetabolismMolecularMonitorMusMutationNonhomologous DNA End JoiningOncogenicPathway interactionsPharmaceutical PreparationsPlayPoly(ADP-ribose) Polymerase InhibitorProductionProteinsRAD52 geneRNARecurrenceResearch PersonnelRibonucleasesRibonucleotidesRoleSiteStructureTechniquesTestingTherapeuticTranscriptional ActivationWorkcancer cellcancer therapychromosome fusiondefined contributionexperiencegenome-widegenomic locushelicasehomologous recombinationinnovationinsertion/deletion mutationinsightmodel organismmouse modelmutantnovelnucleasepublic health relevancerecruitrepairedreplication stresssynergismtumorigenesis
中文摘要
项目摘要/摘要:
--
类B细胞开关和重组基因(CSR)是一个新的遗传过程,在这个过程中,B细胞会切换抗体和同型抗体。
生产是通过位点特异的染色体内DNA重排来实现的,这种重排是通过改变染色体的形成来刺激的。
DNA的双链断裂(DSB)发生在免疫球蛋白重链(IgH)基因座上。
通常通过添加非同源末端加入通道(NHEJ)和替代末端加入通道(ALT-EJ)来修复。
DNA修复通路。在CSR期间,DSB的形成过程受到高度监管,涉及一系列复杂的相互作用的过程。
转录激活、蛋白质募集和染色质重组。对这些因素的理解。
规范DSB的形成和修复机制对淋巴癌的发生有很高的影响。
搁浅的核糖核酸:DNA和杂交链结构是在企业社会责任的过程中迅速形成的。同时,DNA和杂交链的循环也与企业的发展有牵连。
在推动DSB的形成方面,他们在班级切换和重组过程中的主要作用仍未确定。
这意味着有缺陷的小鼠对B细胞环路移除的需求是非常熟练的,无论是B细胞还是细胞。
包含未修复的基因断裂和染色体融合。复发的致癌基因易位。
这些易位可以区分许多人类淋巴系和恶性肿瘤。这些易位可能起源于癌症。
在正常的淋巴细胞发育过程中产生的DNA和双链断裂(DSB)被错误修复。
我们的目标是更好地确定在企业社会责任期间,持续的企业社会责任循环如何阻碍DNA修复工作,以及如何发挥企业社会责任的重要作用。
新陈代谢在抑制基因组和不稳定方面发挥了重要作用。我们假设,持续的DNA循环。
通过在免疫球蛋白重链的末端加入一个非同源末端来阻断高效的DNA修复。
在班级切换和重组的过程中,Locus发生了变化,导致了持续的、未修复的故障中断。这将是对这一点的考验。
假设,我们将继续使用两种新的小鼠模型:一种是SETX基因突变,另一种是缺乏新的Senataxin基因(SETX)。
解旋酶是解开R环路的解旋酶;;和RNaseh2b是有缺陷的核酸酶,特别是核酸酶和H2核酸酶。
我们将从功能上仔细分析这一事件的主要后果。
在ESETX--/--的CSR测试过程中,DNA修复过程中出现了异常的DNA环状结构,并出现了染色体融合。
RNH2 Bf/f,和SETX--/-RNH2 Bf/f细胞(目标1)。目的是进一步定义持续的循环对NHEJ的影响。
我们还将鉴定DNA修复和蛋白质在SETX--/-、RNH2Bf/f和RNH2Bf/f细胞中的募集情况。
(目标2)。我们还将利用高通量技术,进一步识别与遗传易位有关的基因组微基因座。
全基因组DNA易位和测序技术(HTGTS--Seq),与Feyredoun博士合作完成。
霍莫兹迪亚里。最后,我们还将定义推动人类频繁的染色体融合的主要分子生物学途径。
在SETX--/--RNH2Bf/f细胞周期中观察到的结果(目标3)。我们的研究工作将不会定义持续的RNH-Bf/f环路如何干扰它们。
类基因切换到重组,导致基因断裂未修复,基因和基因将揭开新分子的面纱。
促进染色体融合的机制正在研究中,调节染色体再生循环和新陈代谢的酶也将出现。
为我们开发新的癌症治疗方法提供了一个非常有吸引力的靶点。
英文摘要
Project Summary/Abstract
Class switch recombination (CSR) is a genetic process where a B cell switches antibody isotype
production through site-specific intra-chromosomal DNA rearrangement stimulated by the formation
of DNA double-strand breaks (DSBs) at the immunoglobulin heavy chain (IgH) locus. DSBs are
normally repaired by the non-homologous end-joining (NHEJ) and alternative-end joining (alt-EJ)
DNA repair pathways. During CSR, DSB formation is highly regulated involving a complex interplay of
transcriptional activation, protein recruitment and chromatin reorganization. Understanding the factors
regulating DSB formation and repair has a high impact on lymphomagenesis. R loops are three
stranded RNA:DNA hybrid structures formed at IgH during CSR. While R loops are implicated in
promoting DSB formation at IgH, their role in class switch recombination remains undefined. We find
that mice defective for R loop removal are proficient at class switch recombination, however B cells
contain unrepaired breaks and chromosome fusions at IgH. Recurrent oncogenic translocations
involving IgH distinguish many human lymphoid malignancies. These translocations originate from
mis-repaired DNA double stand breaks (DSBs) generated during normal lymphocyte development.
Our goal is to determine how persistent R loops impede DNA repair during CSR, and the role R loop
metabolism plays in suppressing genome instability at IgH. We hypothesize that persistent R loops
block efficient DNA repair by non-homologous end joining at the immunoglobulin heavy chain
locus during class switch recombination, leading to persistent, unrepaired breaks. To test this
hypothesis, two mouse models will be employed: the SETX mutant lacks the Senataxin (SETX)
helicase that unwinds R loops;; and Rnaseh2b is defective for the RNase H2 nuclease that specifically
digests the RNA component of R loops (RNH2B). We will functionally dissect the consequences of
aberrant R loop formation on DNA repair and chromosome fusions arising during CSR in SETX-/-,
RNH2Bf/f, and SETX-/- RNH2Bf/f cells (Aim 1). To define the impact persistent R loops have on NHEJ,
we will characterize DNA repair protein recruitment in SETX-/-, RNH2Bf/f, and SETX-/- RNH2Bf/f cells
(Aim 2). We will also identify genomic loci involved in IgH translocations using high-throughput
genome-wide translocation sequencing (HTGTS-Seq), in collaboration with Dr. Feyredoun
Hormozdiari. Finally, we will define the molecular pathways driving the frequent chromosome fusions
observed in SETX-/- RNH2Bf/f cells (Aim 3). Our work will define how persistent R loops interfere with
class switch recombination, leading to unrepaired breaks, and will uncover the molecular
mechanisms promoting chromosome fusions at IgH. Enzymes regulating R loop metabolism will also
provide an attractive target for developing novel cancer treatment.
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会议论文
R-loop-induced DNA damage during immunoglobulin class switch recombination
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批准号:10457910
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项目类别:
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资助金额:$31.4万
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财政年份:2019
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负责人:Jacqueline Barlow
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依托单位:
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资助金额:$3.27万
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资助金额:$3.27万
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依托单位:
海外基金