Risk Environments of Permanent Supportive Housing for Formerly Incarcerated People with Serious Mental Illnesses

摘要 患有严重精神疾病的前被监禁者经历刑事法律的系统 不平等，并有较高的累犯率，无家可归，一般医疗问题，和物质使用 紊乱永久性支持性住房（PSH）是重返社会期间经常使用的住房干预措施，但它 解决重返社会的一个关键组成部分-融入社区的资源有限。PSH通常位于 犯罪风险增加的高度贫困环境。PSH的地理还包括公共空间， 这与更大的自尊，生活满意度，对康复的积极取向， 独立就业和获得有形资源和社会资源。风险环境框架 提供了一个结构，通过其对物理，社会，经济， 政策对宏观和微观环境的影响。在重返大气层期间，个人、人际和 环境因素可以与这些环境相互作用，产生或减少风险。如果这些因素得到解决， 通过改善社区参与和治疗参与， 减少精神痛苦和药物使用，最终支持更有针对性的干预措施。 该研究采用严格的非传统QUAL + QUAN（空间）并行混合方法设计 探讨个人、人际及环境因素在PSH危险环境中的作用 与公共和私人空间互动，为重返社会的健康提供信息。80次多方法访谈（即， 定性、定量和参与性绘图方法），这些方法着眼于个人、人际和 将对患有重度精神分裂症的前被监禁者进行环境重返因素分析。收集的数据将 与最多20名参与者进行三角访谈。然后，将扩展映射为 将对地理编码和被确定为重要地点、经常参与和归属的地点进行评估， 与空间的客观特征（如资源和处理的可用性或使用GIS方法的可达性）的关系 建立一个社区恢复力指数模型。此外，还将进行聚类分析， 确定和绘制吸毒过量和逮捕增加和减少的地区，并与社区重叠 恢复力指数模型，探讨社区恢复力与风险环境的关系。我 然后，我将与一个由2名供应商和6名以前被监禁的PSH居民组成的社区咨询委员会合作， 整合调查结果，共同设计有针对性的多层次干预措施， 通过公共空间参与实现重返社会的福祉。我提出的研究计划整合了活动，正式 培训和专家指导（Michael McDonell、Benjamin亨伍德、Ofer Amram、Chyrell博士 贝拉米，苏珊柯林斯和马克萨尔泽）在支持性住房，风险环境框架，空间 分析，干预措施的发展，以社区为基础的参与性研究，以及心理健康和犯罪 法律的制度。指导研究科学家发展奖（K 01）将建立在我以前的培训 和研究，使我能够追求我的长期职业目标，成为一个独立的调查员， 关于利用公共和私人空间并使之相互作用，以支持人们从监狱和监狱重返社会 关于SMI

ABSTRACT Formerly incarcerated people with serious mental illnesses (SMI) experience the criminal legal system unequally and have elevated rates of recidivism, homelessness, general medical problems, and substance use disorders. Permanent supportive housing (PSH) is a housing intervention often used during reentry, but it has limited resources for addressing community integration, a key component of reentry. PSH are often located in high-poverty environments with increased criminogenic risk. The geography of PSH also includes public spaces, which are associated with greater self-esteem, life satisfaction, a positive orientation toward recovery, independent employment, and access to tangible and social resources. The risk environment framework provides a structure for understanding the geography of PSH through its focus on the physical, social, economic, and policy influences on both the micro and macro environments. During reentry, individual, interpersonal, and environmental factors can interact with these environments to produce or reduce risk. If addressed, these factors can contribute to reentry wellbeing, through improved community participation and treatment engagement and reduced psychiatric distress and substance use, ultimately supporting more targeted interventions. The proposed study uses a rigorous nontraditional QUAL + QUAN (spatial) concurrent mixed-methods design to examine how individual, interpersonal, and environmental factors situated in the risk environments of PSH interact with public and private spaces to inform reentry wellbeing. Eighty multi-method interviews (i.e., qualitative, quantitative, and participatory mapping methods) that look at individual, interpersonal, and environmental reentry factors will be conducted with formerly incarcerated clients with SMI. Data collected will be triangulated with go-along interviews with up to 20 of the participants. Participatory mapping will then be geocoded and sites identified as places of importance, frequent participation, and belonging will be evaluated in relation to objective features of spaces like resource and treatment availability or accessibility using GIS methods in order to develop a community resilience index model. A cluster analysis will additionally be conducted to identify and map areas of increased and decreased drug overdose and arrest and overlaid with the community resilience index model to examine the relationship between community resilience and the risk environments. I will then partner with a community advisory board of 2 providers and 6 formerly incarcerated PSH residents to integrate the findings for the purpose of co-designing a targeted multilevel intervention aimed at improving reentry wellbeing through public space engagement. My proposed research plan integrates activities, formal training, and mentorship from experts (Drs. Michael McDonell, Benjamin Henwood, Ofer Amram, Chyrell Bellamy, Susan Collins, and Mark Salzer) in supportive housing, the risk environment framework, spatial analysis, intervention development, community-based participatory research, and the mental health and criminal legal systems. The Mentored Research Scientist Development Award (K01) will build on my previous training and research to allow me to pursue my long-term career goal to become an independent investigator focused on the use and interaction of public and private spaces in supporting reentry from prisons and jails for people with SMI.