A Field Study Examining the Effects of Alcohol, Bar Environment & Beliefs on Sexual Misperception, a Precursor to Sexual Aggression

项目总结 性侵犯，指的是与未经对方同意的性行为的连续体 不受欢迎的性接触以强制穿透，是一个棘手的公共卫生问题。尽管有大量的 投资于预防和干预工作，性侵犯犯罪率居高不下，为26 -42%的男性自我报告过去有过性侵犯行为2。通过性侵犯的一条途径 受到相当大关注和经验支持的性行为是性误解，或 对潜在伴侣的性兴趣或同意的错误看法3-6。分享性误解 性侵犯行为的几个关键风险因素，使其成为一种有价值的中介机制 检查实施构造。具体地说，性误解和性侵犯行为 与酒精中毒有关6-12和一系列的态度统称为 汇流模型4、5、13-18。尽管有证据表明急性中毒和合流模型构建 相互作用预测性误解，这种相互作用的性质尚不清楚，其潜在的 机制仍未得到检验。这项提案旨在对以下方面的影响进行全面评估 酒精和合流模型建立在性误解上，并通过 一种酒精近视(AM)框架。AM理论假设酒精对行为的影响是由它的能力驱动的 将注意力转移到强迫(“开始”)提示，而不是抑制(“停止”)提示19。注意这些线索是 也受先验知识结构20-22的影响，例如封装在汇流模型中的先验知识结构 那些被环境激活的。拟议的研究将直接衡量汇流的影响 醉酒男性对刺激和抑制性兴趣线索的注意模型构建 在现场环境中，注意这些线索对于性误解的影响。在以下位置进行这项研究 饮酒场所解决了文献中的几个重大空白，即这些 背景线索的过程和效果，这对干预设计具有很大的潜力 和评估。这项提议与候选人制定研究计划的愿望相称。 围绕着理解酒精相关的性误解和 性侵犯行为。通过建议的研究和培训计划，申请者将发展 为酒精和性侵犯研究做出实质性贡献所需的技能和专业知识 作为一名独立的临床科学家。

PROJECT SUMMARY Sexual aggression, which refers to a continuum of sexual activities with a nonconsenting partner from unwanted sexual contact to forced penetration1, is an intractable public health problem. Despite a substantial investment in prevention and intervention efforts, rates of sexual aggression perpetration remain high, with 26 – 42% of men self-reporting past perpetration of sexual aggression2. One pathway to sexual aggression perpetration that has received considerable attention and empirical support is sexual misperception, or the erroneous perception of a potential partner’s sexual interest or consent3-6. Sexual misperception shares several key risk factors with sexual aggression perpetration, making it a valuable intermediary mechanism for examining perpetration constructs. Specifically, both sexual misperception and sexual aggression perpetration are associated with alcohol intoxication6-12 and a constellation of attitudes collectively referred to as the Confluence Model4,5,13-18. Although evidence suggests acute intoxication and Confluence Model constructs interact to predict sexual misperception, the nature of this interaction is unclear and the underlying mechanisms remain unexamined. This proposal aims to provide a comprehensive evaluation of the effects of alcohol and Confluence Model constructs on sexual misperception and directly assess this interaction through an alcohol myopia (AM) framework. AM theory posits that alcohol’s effects on behavior are driven by its ability to direct attention to impelling (“go”) cues and away from inhibiting (“stop”) cues19. Attention to these cues is also influenced by a priori knowledge structures20-22 such as those encapsulated in the Confluence Model and those activated by the environment. The proposed research will directly measure the impact of Confluence Model constructs on intoxicated men’s attention to impelling and inhibiting cues of sexual interest and the effects of attention to these cues on sexual misperception in a field setting. Conducting this research at drinking venues addresses several significant gaps in the literature, namely the generalizability of these processes and the effects of contextual cues, which have substantial potential to inform intervention design and evaluation. This proposal is commensurate with the candidate’s desire to develop a research program centered around understanding the mechanisms underpinning alcohol-involved sexual misperception and sexual aggression perpetration. Through the proposed research and training plan, the applicant will develop the skills and expertise needed to make a substantive contribution to alcohol and sexual aggression research as an independent clinical scientist.