C PARVUM--MUCOSAL RESPONSE IN HEALTH HOSTS AND HIV/AIDS

隐孢子虫是一种肠道寄生虫， 腹泻在社区和日托中心，是一个重要的 艾滋病毒/艾滋病的死亡率和死亡率因素。 这种寄生虫现在 被认为是一个重要的公共卫生威胁， 新的“新兴疾病”之一。 迄今为止，没有治愈性治疗 已经确定，姑息治疗只是部分有效。 这项工作的长期目标有两个方面：1）阐明和 了解各种免疫机制的相对贡献 参与控制和/或预防C. Parvum 感染/疾病，2）通过识别这些机制， 为采取合理的干预措施奠定基础，和/或 预防感染。 为了实现这些目标，我们建议： 研究一个独特的个体群体， 梭小卵囊。 这些健康的成年志愿者将 攻毒后临床随访至少4周，和 将在研究期间定期采集标本。 这项工作是 这是对C. 三年前开始感染细小病毒。 据我们所知没有 其他研究者已经在免疫活性 志愿者 然后将这些受试者的结果与 免疫缺陷（HIV/AIDS）个体慢性C. 细小病毒感染 实验将被设计为：1）测量总 和来自粘膜表面（唾液、粪便）的特异性分泌IgA， C. parvum粗提物，并将这些数据与血清抗体进行比较 (IgA，IgG，IgM）反应和动力学，2）确定 分泌抗体和血清抗体。Parvum 抗原和其他相关的原生动物寄生虫，3）确定 在感染过程中FUT活组织检查中的细胞群， 将这些发现与同一活检组织中细胞因子的表达联系起来， 4）将上述结果与临床结果、强度 感染、卵囊排泄的开始和持续时间以及其他 寄生虫学参数 了解的具体特点 粘膜免疫反应及其调节。Parvum 感染是设计有效干预措施重要一步， 治疗和/或控制该疾病的预防策略。

Cryptosporidium parvum is an enteric parasite that causes outbreaks of diarrhea in communities and day care centers and is a significant factor in mortality and mortality in HIV/AIDS. This parasite is now recognized as an important public health threat and is considered as one of the new "emerging diseases". To date no curative treatment has been identified, and palliative treatment is only partially effective. The longterm objectives of this work are two-fold: 1) to elucidate and understand the relative contributions of various immune mechanisms involved in the control and/or prevention of C. Parvum infection/disease, and 2) by identifying these mechanisms to lay the groundwork for a rational approach to the intervention and/or prevention of infection. To address these objectives, we propose to study a unique population of individuals experimentally-challenged with C. Parvum oocysts. These healthy, adult volunteers will be followed clinically for a minimum for 4 weeks post-challenge, and specimens will be collected at intervals during the study. This work is an extension of continuing studies with the human model of C. Parvum infection initiated three years ago. To our knowledge no other investigators have undertaken such studies in immunocompetent volunteers. Findings from these subjects will then be compared to responses in immunodeficient (HIV/AIDS) individuals with chronic C. parvum infection. Experiments will be designed to: 1) measure total and specific secretory lgA from mucosal surfaces (saliva, fecal) against C. parvum crude extracts and to compare these data to serum antibody (IgA, IgG, IgM) response and kinetics, 2) determine the specificity of secretory and serum antibody by employing recombinant C. Parvum antigens and other related protozoan parasites, 3) identify changes in cell populations in fut biopsies over the course of the infection and relate those findings to the expression of cytokines in the same biopsy tissues, and 4) compare the above results to clinical outcome, intensity of infection, onset and duration of oocyst excretion and other parasitological parameters. Understanding the specific features of the mucosal immune response and its regulation during C. Parvum infection is an important step in designing effective intervention and prevention strategies for treatment and/or control of this disease.