MATHEMATICAL MODELING OF AGE-RELATED MEMORY DEFICITS

这项研究的目的是创建一个将用于 为了对那个时代的形式记忆模型进行初步研究- 健康人记忆成绩的相关变化观察 年长的成年人。在本申请中描述的这项研究 应用程序有两个特定的目标。首先，这个项目希望扩大 形式记忆模型的效用通过测试模型的能力来实现 对召回中观察到的数据模式提供统一的说明 以及健康老年人的认知表现。第二 该项目的目标是调查编码和检索帐户 健康老年人中观察到的与年龄相关的记忆缺陷。这个 目前的研究设计建议测试年轻人(18至22岁 年龄)和三岁以上的老年人(60至70岁) 自由回忆、线索回忆、单项测验的实验研究 识别、提示识别、配对识别和联想 识别多个单词和单词对列表。建议数 研究将构成第一个包含记忆的数据集 年轻人和老年人的表现将提供一个 强大的数据库-足够使用正式的记忆模型来研究年龄- 记忆中的相关变化。本研究方案将使用该模型 搜索联想记忆(SAM)来测试以下四个 记忆中观察到的与年龄相关的缺陷的预测 老年人的表现。第一个预测验证了年龄- 相关的赤字是由于不同数量的 老年人可以在活动缓冲区中维护的物品 相对于年轻人来说。第二个预测检验了这一假设 年龄相关的缺陷是由于使用不同的 年轻人和老年人提供的背景信息。第三 灭亡测试了一种假设，即记忆中的差异 性能的原因是没有有效地使用精心设计的编码。 年长的成年人。第四个预测检验了记忆的假设 损伤是由于自我启动提取的缺陷造成的 由老年人进行的过程。除了这些预测外， 我们的记忆测试的性质也将允许进行额外的预测 接受测试。这项研究的广泛、长期目标是进一步推动我们的 应用形式记忆模型理解人类记忆 研究人类记忆中与年龄相关的变化。

The purpose of this research is to create a data set that will be used for a preliminary investigation of formal memory model of the age- related changes observed in the memory performance of healthy elderly adults. The research described in this application in this application has two specific goals. First, this project hopes to expand the utility of formal memory models by testing the models' ability to provide a unified account for the pattern of data observed in the recall and recognition performance of healthy elderly adults. The second goal of this project is to investigate encoding and retrieval accounts of the age-related memory deficits observed in the healthy elderly. The current research design proposes to test young adults (18 to 22 years of age) and elderly adults (60 to 70 years of age) over three experimental sessions on tests of free recall, cued recall, single-item recognition, cued recognition, pair recognition, and associative recognition for multiple lists of words and word pairs. The proposed research will constitute the first dataset to include memory performance of young and elderly adults that would provide a powerful-enough data base to use formal memory models to study age- related changes in memory. This research proposal will use the model of Search for Associative Memory (SAM) to test the following four predictions of the age-related deficits observed in the memory performance of elderly adults. The first prediction tests that the age- related deficits are the result of differences between the number of items that can be maintained in an active buffer by elderly adults relative to young adults. The second prediction tests the hypothesis that the age-related deficits are due to differences in the use of contextual information by young and elderly adults. The third perdition tests the hypothesis that the differences in memory performance are due to the ineffective use of elaborative encoding by elderly adults. The fourth prediction tests the hypothesis that memory impairments are due to deficits in the self-initiation of retrieval processes by elderly adults. In addition to these predictions, the nature of our memory test will also allow for additional predictions to be tested. The broad, long-term goal of this research is to further our understanding of human memory by applying formal memory models to study age-related changes in human memory.