Improving Alcohol Consumption Self-Report Measurement

描述（由申请人提供）：提出了一项方法学研究，以调查酒精消费自我报告测量的来源和错误类型：具体而言，是用于流行病学和服务研究的回顾性总结饮酒模式测量。我们假设“真实”饮酒模式的特征（定义为每次饮酒数量、饮酒频率和饮料选择的平均值和可变性）将影响消费标准测量中的随机和系统误差（偏差），从而降低其可靠性和有效性。除了平均饮酒量之外，饮酒量超过5杯/天的阈值（一个常见的模式指标）与酒精滥用的健康后果风险有关：社会后果、发病率和死亡率。研究选择了三种不同类型的自我报告总结饮酒测量方法：针对特定饮料的Knupfer系列，分级频率测量方法（既评估饮酒模式也评估饮酒量）和简单的数量-频率（QF）测量方法。这些标准措施一起出现在酒精研究小组（ARG）的几次全国酒精电话和面对面调查中，以便进行受试者内部比较。在研究的第一阶段，即日记试点阶段，我们将完善一种新的日记格式，包括ARG中心开发的创新的食用量和乙醇含量评估技术。还将研究前4周日记系列回顾性总结中的致敏效应，并使用无创生理测量（腕戴式透皮酒精传感器或TAS）验证日记自我报告。在主要数据收集阶段（n = 500），筛查策略确保充分纳入频繁饮酒者。将基于每个汇总测量的饮酒分布的各种统计数据与日常日记中偶然报告的类似统计数据进行比较。将再次使用TheTAS对300例自我报告的错误进行建模，并研究估计的血液酒精浓度（EBACs）。随机效应和贝叶斯方法将用于分析事件，比较个体内部基于生理和自我报告的估计。错误的建模将包括协变量，如年龄、性别、种族和教育，再加上饮酒的背景和对醉酒的态度，假设比日记更容易产生偏差和降低摘要报告，而tas数据假设不存在自我报告偏差。本研究将对复杂人类健康行为调查中的测量误差理论进行进一步的研究；它的目的是产生应用结果，帮助校准现有的调查措施，并帮助制定对改进流行病学、临床和服务研究至关重要的酒精摄入模式的更好措施。

DESCRIPTION (provided by applicant): A methodological study is proposed to investigate sources and kinds of errors in self-report measures of alcohol consumption: specifically, retrospective summary drinking pattern measures for use in epidemiological and services research. We hypothesize that features of the "true" drinking pattern (defined as mean and variability of quantities per occasion, frequency of drinking, and beverage choices), will affect both random and systematic error (bias) in standard measures of consumption, reducing their reliability and validity. Beyond average volume, drinking above a 5-drink/day-quantity threshold (a common pattem indicator) has been implicated in risks of health outcomes of alcohol abuse: social consequences, morbidity, and mortality. Three distinct types of self-report summary drinking measures are selected for study: the beverage-specific Knupfer Series, the Graduated Frequencies measures--both assessing pattem and volume of drinking--and the simple quantity-frequency (QF) measure. These standard measures appear together in several Alcohol Research Group (ARG) national alcohol telephone and in-person surveys, allowing within-subjects comparisons. In the first phase of the research, a diary pilot phase, we will refine a new diary format including innovative serving-size and ethanol-content assessment techniques developed in the ARG Center. Sensitization effects in the retrospective summaries from the preceding 4-week diary series will also be investigated and a noninvasive physiological measure (a wrist-worn transdermal alcohol sensor, or TAS) will be used to validate the diary self reports. In the main data collection phase (n = 500), a screening strategy assures adequate inclusion of frequent drinkers. Various statistics of the drinking distribution based on each summary measure will be compared with similar statistics dedved from by-occasion reports in daily diaries. TheTAS again will be used for 300 cases to model errors of self-report and study estimated blood alcohol concentrations (EBACs). Random effects and Bayesian approaches will be used to analyze events, comparing physiological-and self-report-based estimates within individuals. Modeling of errors will include covariates like age, sex, ethnic group, and education, plus context of drinking and attitude toward drunkenness, hypothesized to bias and degrade summary reports more than diaries, with TAS-data assumed free of self-report biases. The study will advance theory about measurement error in surveys of complex human health behaviors; it is designed to generate applied findings that will aid calibration of existing survey measures and help develop better measures of alcohol-intake pattern essential for improvement of epidemiological, clinical and services research studies.